Sarat Chandra Das —Detached Notices of 
ilivj 
[No. 2, 
(5.) The external observance and conduct of life to accord with the laws 
of Dulva (Vinaya teachings.) 
(G.) Internally, the full comprehension of the metaphysical portion of 
the Tantras called bskjed rim and rtsogs rim. 
(7.) The practice of the meditative science or yoga, holding the theories 
of universal illusiveness and voidity (S'unyata). 
(8.) The comprehension of the essence of the Madhyamika philosophy 
by which the attainment of sainthood is ensured. 
5KAH-yDiMs pa Sect. 
This sect was founded by the great Indian Pandit Dipankara Shu 
Jnana (Jova-rje-^Pal-edan Atisa of the Tibetans). There are records 
of over three thousand Lamas of eminence and learning in the annals 
of this sect. Among them /^Brom-ston-rgyal-vai-Abyun-yna Potopa the 
philosopher, and $Pyan- mN ah-va, &c. were very celebrated. 
5Kah -br&rud pa Sect. 
Of this sect, the sages rDoje-^Chhah-chhen, Telopa, Naropa, Marpa, 
Mela Dvags po Lha-rje, &c. were the successive presidents. Marpa having 
obtained a good deal of religious instruction from Atisa, mixed the Z>Kah- 
5rGyu<i theories with those of the JKah-yDams sect. 
The Darsana of this sect is called Maha-mudra (Phyag-rgya-chhenpo;. 
This is divided into two classes called Sontri-Maharmjdra and Tantri- 
Mahamudra, the latter of which they reject. On the whole the significa¬ 
tions of the Mahamudra resemble those of the S'unyata theories. 
Its meditative science is similar to those of the Prasanga Madhyamika 
school of ancient India. 
The chief Yedam or tutelary deities of this sect are the Lord of Guhya 
Samaja-s&Demchhog (Sambhara) and rDorje-Phagmo, &c. 
Its guiding instructions called Man-nag were drawn up by the sage 
Naropa, for which they are called Naro-chhos-eTug. Anciently this sect 
possessed the greater number of sages, ascetics and scholars, many of whom 
had obtained sainthood. At one time its monks numbered several 
hundreds of thousands. The Lamas of this sect pay more attention now 
to the meditative science, and less to Vyakarana and other branches of 
sacred literature. Although at one time JKah-Jrgyu^ pa Lamas were 
eminently famous for their knowledge of metaphysics and Darsana, yet 
now-a-days there are not many who can fairly claim the distinction of 
sages. In fact they more resemble the shadows of their predecessors. They 
generally mix with the Ninma Lamas in perverse and forbidden con¬ 
duct, such as female company, drinking intoxicating liquors, &c. 
