1882.] R C. Temple— Some Hindu Folksongs from the Punjab. 155 
ghoria n khadha, the mare eat. The Panj. Gram, says that the agent with 
ne and the postpos. of inflection are frequently omitted in ordinary Panjabi. 
(e) The following cases of nominal singular inflection are worthy of 
record: 
Masc. in e. 
bapue pucbhani, asking father : 2?. 
ghare bich, in the house : 22, 38, 59. 
bage diyaw, of the garden : 23. 
mimbue da char, pickle of limes : 40; (but cf. nimbua, 4G). 
ghiue da, of ghi (gliiu), 47. 
rukkhe par, on a tree (rukkh), 63. 
muse, in iye and ye . 
pawsariye clew hat, the shop of the druggist: 21. 
daruye diyaw katoriyaw, cups of wine : 41. 
but compare here bhaiya, brother, 48 and chirebalia, gaily-tur- 
baned, 60. 
fern, in iyd. 
daliya, in the hedge, 5. 
thaliya, on the plate, 23. 
pag’riya, 20. objective : turban, 
barya, of a year, 32. 
goriya dew hath, the hand of the beauty, 21, 
pakhiya, on the fan, 31. 
chhamaya, of six months, 32. 
larhia satya, threw it into the field, 47. 
Voc. masc in iyd, and fern, in e. 
The masc. occurs in 35 and the fern, in 23, 25, 32, 45, 48, 49, 58. 
They are all ordinary Panjabi forms and require no further remark 
here. 
(/) The ordinary Panjabi plural inflection of masc. nouns ending in 
a consonant in the oblique cases is aw or iaw ; for those ending in a vowel 
it is aw and for those ending in u it is waw. Of. the Marwari, Mewari 
and Kumaoni custom : Kellogg, p. 80. 
This custom is borne out by the plu. forms occurring in the songs, 
even in those cases where the agent with ne and the appropriate postposi¬ 
tions are omitted as above noted. See 22, 23, 39, 43, 44, 45, 46, 60. 
As in standard Hindi, Panjabi nouns ending in nasalized vowels pre¬ 
serve the anuswara throughout the declension : otherwise masc. nom. and 
objective plural usually end in e. This is an exception. 
khayaw, be bira, bare bare grahew, eat, O brother, large, large 
mouthfuls, 44. 
It is probably, however, to be referred to the nasalized declension 
noticed below. 
