1882.] R. C. Temple— Some Hindu Folkson gs from the Punjab . 161 
pani ha n mam kura, I am throwing rubbish, 
pani haw- bhamiriyaw, I am throwing whirligigs, 
pan! haw bhuariyaw, I am throwing brooms. 
In each of these cases pani is for paundi (== Hind, form pati). 
The usual participial inflection is, nom. sing, d, obi. e, fern, i ; nom. 
plu e, obi. iaw, fem. idn. And hence the following otherwise apparently 
inexplicable forms : 
motiyaw chog chuganiyaw, (I) feed with bird’s food of pearls, 5. 
(gallaw) je kar’niaw, (as many words) as I make, (say), 18. 
kotbi taw paniyaw, I (fem) indeed build a house, 25. Unless, 
however, we look on this last as honorifically plural, it should 
be according to strict grammar kothi taw pani. 
(o) A set of very curious forms occurring again and again in song 
19 should probably be referred to the gerundive or participial construction 
in id. They are formed from bigs’na (Hindi bikas’na) to be pleased. Thus, 
muse, in id. 
big’sia seh nai-bhai, pleased (is) the good barber, 
big’sia seh Jas’rat Rae, pleased (is) Jasrat Rai. 
big’sia seh P’rohit, pleased (is) the Parohit. 
fem. in i. 
big’si Kausalya, pleased (is) Kausalya. 
big’si seh dai-mai, pleased (is) the old nurse, 
big’si seh naan, pleased (is) the barber’s wife, 
big’si seh bua-rani, pleased (is) the royal aunt. # 
( p ) Kellogg, p. 188, sec. 347 (a), notices the tendency to add y to 
the root in causals in such compounds (?) as phenka dena. In Panjabi in 
the conjunctive participle of such verbs, whose infin. form is auna (not ana 
as in Hindi), this y or i is regularly alternatively prefixed to ke, the usual 
termination. F. g., auna, to come ; ake or aike, having come : banauna, 
to make ; banake or banaike, having made. In R. R. in one line the ke 
is dropped and we have pai or pae, having obtained. Six instances of this 
form occur in song 19 viz., nahaeke, lagaeke, bulaeke, laeke, lutaeke, 
paeke: and one instance in song No. 11, banaeke. This ike or eke may, 
however, be a double termination, like the kar’ke or kar’kar of modern 
times, formed of the old conj. part, terminations i and /re, of which more 
anon.f 
* In the Hill Districts also thfa — tha : thf = thi. Also o=hai and aiw=ham. 
f [The latter explanation is the correct one; the termination i or e being- the 
older form of the ending of the conjunctive participle; see Hoernle’s Gfaudian Gram¬ 
mar, §§ 490, 491, pp. 328, 329. Ed.] 
