213 
1882.] 11. 0. Temple— Some Hindu Folksongs from the Punjab. 
kupd ghiue da, the leathern gin vessel, ghyo, ghtu, gheu, Panj. = glii; 
see song No. 5. Kupd, kupd, kuppd, the large leathern vessel used for 
keeping ghi. 
chdta, the vessel for receiving the juice of the sugarcane as it comes 
from the mill, chdta gure dd the molasses pot. For an accurate descrip¬ 
tion of gur and the native processes of sugar-making, see Carnegy’s 
Kachahri Technicalities, art. ukh. 
purd bahya : I put the cakes to bake: I put it on the fire, roti 
baldna, to put bread on to the fire, is a common expression ; lit., to make 
the bread expand. This sense of bdh'na seems to have escaped the Diets. 
The purd is a sweet cake made of ghi, gur and flour. 
chhikkyd: clihikk'nd, Panj., = Hind, chlrink'nd, to sneeze. Cf. 
pakhi = pankhi, song No. 31. And clugha = dungha, song No. 45 ; 
rich a = uncha, song No. 44. The sneezing of a cat (or in fact any sneez¬ 
ing) is considered a bad omen in India. Cf. song No. 50. 
pares'ni — parosan, a female neighbour : my neighbour became inqui¬ 
sitive. 
tawd, Hind., an iron plate for baking bread, a griddle. Fallon. 
jhundd (Panj. jhund, Hind., chadar), a cloth worn by women over 
their heads and faces to conceal them. 
mathd tek'ndn, lit., I struck my forehead; I prostrated myself. The 
Kangra custom is for young wives or the girls of a family to prostrate 
themselves and touch the feet of any old female relative on seeing her for 
the first time in the day. The mother is excepted. 
pirhiyd, pirhi; a low stool with a high straight back used by native 
women. 
nei (conj. part., see song Nos. 23, 32) from Panj. nend (— lena, Hind. 
n for l), to take. 
satyd ; sat'nd, hill dial., to throw. 
bliufkhya {lit. jumped, leapt), used of a rat or mouse, to scratch, pull 
at, make a noise. 
' % 
Idrhi, lari, laldri, Idrhia, hill dial, the field adjoining the house, the 
home-paddock, the compound. 
onung'ri, hill dial., a small wooden mallet used for patting earth. 
bhaj'nd, Panj., to be broken. Cf. Hind, bhich'na, to be crushed 
Sansk. root , prich. 
unhawjo, to them, vide supra. 
pai-gai, had befallen. On them their own (troubles) had fallen. 
paind Panj. = Hind, par’na, see songs Nos. 21, 26. 
chhaki, conj. part, (see nei, above), from chhak’na, Panj., to eat. 
billi an chhikkyd and soh'ren paidri. These are good examples of the 
nasal inflect, so frequently noted above. Here in both cases used for the 
