1881.] 
C. J. Rodgers —On the Coins of the Sikhs. 
75 
that, he was killed at Lahore in 1606 A. D., one year after the gunpowder 
plot. His dabbling in politics was not a success. 
6. Heir Govind was his successor. He was a man with a military 
turn. But as there was an established government, his movements must 
have resembled those of a freebooter or an insurgent. He built Sri Hargo- 
vindpur on the river Beas to serve as a place to flee unto when any actions of 
his made flight a necessity. Joining the regular army, he rendered himself 
obnoxious by appropriating the pay of the soldiers. He was imprisoned 
many years for this. He afterwards entered the service of Shah Jahau. 
But his old propensities broke out afresh, and he left it and became once 
more a freebooter. Ramdaspur was taken by Shah Jahan’s troops, but in 
an encounter with Har Gfovind at Kartarpur they were defeated. After 
this, however, Har Govind was compelled to take refuge in the hills where 
he died, 1638 A. D., in the house of a robber with whom his son had been 
residing. 
7. liar Bdi succeeded his grandfather Har Govind. He joined Dara 
Shikoh, the unfortunate brother of Aurangzeb, against that astute and wily 
monarch. When Dara was beaten, the result was not favourable to Har 
Rai. He died in 1660 A. D., having done nothing worthy of notice. 
8. Har Kisan succeeded Har Rai his father. He died in 166J 
A. D., having accomplished nothing. 
9. Tegh Bahadur, third son of Har Govind, next became Guru. He 
took up his residence at Anandpur, but as a rule led a roving life like a 
common faqir. In one of these excursions he was imprisoned at Debit. 
But it turns out that this excursion was a predatory one, and as a conse¬ 
quence he was not only imprisoned, but executed A. D. 1675. 
10. Govind Singh his son succeeded him, although only 15 years old. 
He knew some Persian and Hindi. He began his guruship by practising 
austerities to secure the favour of the goddess Durga, whose divine assis¬ 
tance he needed in order to wreak vengeance on the Musalman rulers who 
had punished his father for his misdeeds. The moral obliquity of the Sikhs 
is not to be wondered at. Their surroundings were against all integrity 
of morals. We are told of this guru that he was a proficient in the science 
of Kok. But this statement never seems to have affected his position as 
guru. 
His life was that of warrior-priest or a Knight Templar. His eccen¬ 
tricities are regarded as his religious teachings. His worship of iron, 
because by its aid he plundered, is one. His institution of the Jces, or 
unshaven hair, is another. He lived at Anandpur while his own hair grew. 
Hence this place is sometimes called Kesgarh. He wore a comb, to comb 
his hair with, a dagger and a sword. His dress consisted of a pair of short 
cotton breeches which came part way down the thigh. He abolished caste, 
