1881.] 
W. F. Prideaux —On the Coins of Charibael. 
97 
be rendered the bestoiver of favour, a designation which would not be 
inappropriate to one who had secured the friendship of Iiome by the means 
mentioned in the Periplus. 
Of the extent of Kariba-el’s dominions we have no exact means of 
judging, but they probably included the greater part of that country which 
is now, and has been for many years, known as El-Yemen, for it may not 
be uninteresting to mention that the division of Arabia into El-Yemen 
the south , and Esh-Sham, the north , is of very early date. In one of the ? 
inscriptions discovered by M, Halevy at Beraqish in South Arabia, refer¬ 
ence is made to an altercation between the inhabitants of the two divisions 
CHDawn romTQ, Hal. 535, 13). That part of Kariba-el’s kingdom 
which comprised the south-western extremity of the peninsula was called 
Mophareites and was under the government of the tyrannus Cholaibus. 
This is known to the Arabs as the Beled el-Ma’afir ( )* and is 
described in Al-Hamdani’s geographical work, the Jeziret el-Arab. The 
name of the chief, Kulaib , is a diminutive form of Kalb, one of the 
principal tribes of ancient Arabia, and mentioned as a personal desig¬ 
nation in more than one inscription (Hal. 396, 1 ; 662, 1). The au¬ 
thority of Kulaib extended over a considerable portion of the opposite 
African coast ( Periplus , § 16). HaYAramaut, however, still existed as a 
distinct kingdom and was ruled over by a king called Eleazus, a name 
which under the form of El-’azza (•t^N), is frequently mentioned in the 
Himyaritic inscriptions (Hal. 77, 1 ; 208, 1 ; 231, 7 ; 613, 2). The prin¬ 
cipal city of HaYAramaut was Sabbatha, the Sobota of Pliny, the JYQ$ 
of the British Museum inscription No. VI. 6, and the of Al-Ham- 
dam. 
The period at which Kariba-el reigned must be determined by the date 
of the Periplus. Some years ago I examined this question with considera¬ 
ble care, and for the reasons alleged by me in a paper published in the 
Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archaeology (Vol. II, p. 16), I 
have come to the conclusion that Kariba-el must have reigned about the 
year A. D. 75. I believe that this date agrees with that which is now 
generally received by scholars, and should it differ, it must be considered 
that the writer of the Periplus may sometimes refer a fact to the period of 
his voyage, and sometimes to the time at which he was working up his 
notes of travel into the form in which they now exist. 
Having said so much by way of introduction, it remains to add a few 
words upon the more immediate subject of my paper. A few months ago 
I received from Aden a few silver Himyaritic coins, among which I was 
pleased to discover two which I had no hesitation in attributing to Kariba- 
el Wattar Yehan’am. The following is a description of the coins, which 
I have brought with me for exhibition this evening : — 
* D. H. Muller, Heise nach Constantinopel, Wien, 1878, p. 10, &c. 
