1881.] 
A. Cunningham— Helios from Ancient Persia. 
171 
Obv. Jupiter seated to right. Legend in Phoenician characters to 
left Pal Tars , “ the god Bal of Tarsus.” 
Rev. Satrap seated to right, clad in the Kandys or Persian tunic, the 
Anaxyrides , or Persian trowsers, and the Persian felt tiara with lappets 
tied under the chin. Legend to the left in Phoenician characters Tiridamu. 
Pharaspes, or Pharnaspes. 
Of this Satrap 3 gold coins and 1 gold ring are now known, of which 
all but one of the coins came from the Oxus. Of the Oxus relics I received 
impressions, from which the photograph of the ring, Plate XVII, fig. 6, was 
taken. Figs. 7 and 8 are taken from the photographs of the coins in tho 
British Museum. Of the third coin which is similar in type to fig. 9, I 
have only an impression, the original having gone, I believe, to the British 
Museum. The two coins figs. 7 and 8 have been published by Mr. Percy 
Gardner in the Numismatic Chronicle. 
No. 20. Gold-eustg. The only notice that I have seen of this ring 
is the following—“ Society of Antiquaries : M. Franke exhibited a gold 
ring engraved with a man-headed winged bull, wearing a Persian tiara, and 
a caduceus without a handle, which is the zodiacal sign for Taurus. From a 
Pehlavi inscription on the seal Mr. Percy Gardner identified it as belonging 
to the Persian king Yahaspes , who reigned about 70 years after the death 
of Alexander the Great.” I think that the second letter may be r, and 
accordingly I read the name as PJiaraspa , or Pharnaspes. Arrian mentions 
a Mede named Baryaxes who had put the royal tiara on his head and 
called himself king of Media and of Persia. He was brought by Atropates 
to Alexander at Pasargadae, where he was put to death. I think it not 
impossible that these coins may belong to him, or perhaps he may be 
identified with Pharasmanes, king of Chorasmia [Arrian, Anab. IV. 15], 
who was also a contemporary of Alexander. 
No. 21. Gold. Stater. British Museum, 0'75 inch, weight 1359 
grains, from the Oxus. Plate XVII, fig, 7. See Numismatic Chronicle XIX? 
Plate I, fig. 2. 
Obv. Head of Satrap to right, bearded and clad in soft felt tiara with 
long lappets tied under the chin. Legend to left in ancient Pehlavi 
characters. 
Rev. Satrap in four horse chariot to right. Legend below in ancient 
Pehlavi characters. 
No, 22. Gold. Stater, British Museum, 0 8 inch, weight 1329 grains, 
from Payne Knight’s collection. Plate XVII, fig. 8. See Numismatic 
Chronicle XIX, PI. 1, fig. 3. 
Obv. Helmeted head of Pallas to right, nr under chin. 
Rev. Victory to front, with palm over left shoulder and wreath in 
