110 C. J. Rodgers —The Square Silver Coins of [No. 2, 
latter and destroyed by fire. In this fire 10,000 men are said to have 
lost their lives. This occurred in 892 A. H. The Sayyids were entirely 
defeated and expelled the country. The popular party got the king into 
their power and on their side. Paras Ram, the Rajah of Jammu was 
rewarded and dismissed. 
The popular leaders being thus left to themselves, each one began 
to seek place and power for himself. In the midst of this confusion 
Path Khan, grandson of Zain-ul-’Abidin gathering an army prepared to 
contest the throne with Muhammad Shah. He proceeded as far as 
Rajaori, but in a battle fought at Adun he was defeated as Jahangir 
Makari kept true to the popular party. In a second battle he was again 
defeated. He then went to Jammu where collecting an army he pre¬ 
pared to invade Kashmir a second time. Jahangir Makari, who seems 
to have been recognized as the head of the popular party recalled the 
Sayyids who had been exiled and joined them to his side. In the battle 
which was fought with Fath Khan many of the Sayyids were slain and 
the rest remained faithful. So Fath Khan was again defeated. But he 
was not turned from his purpose. Again collecting an army he a 
third time invaded Kashmir and was successful. Muhammad. Shah 
was made over to him and Saifi Wangari was appointed his keeper. 
Jahangir Makari fled and hid himself. Sayyid Muhammad, the father- 
in-law of Muhammad Shah joined himself to Fath Khan. Muhammad 
Shah had reigned 10 years and 7 months, Farishtah says, but other 
authorities say 2 years and 7 months. The copper coins of Muha¬ 
mmad Shah abound. The dates on the reverse of them in Arabic words 
are as a rule perfectly unintelligible. His silver coins are very rare. 
All I have seen yet have had the date in words on their reverse 842 A. 
H. I have seen four with the date 842 A. H. on th‘e obverse under 
the name. (See figs. 5 and 6, pi. I and fig. 32, pi. III). They do not 
help us in the slightest in the history of Kashmir. They only add to our 
confusion. 
Fath Khan came to the throne in 894 A. H. and assumed the title 
of Fath Shah. The prince Muhammad Shah was therefore but a lad 
of about 10 years of age. (Just about this time in England, Edward V 
and his young brother were murdered in the Tower. Fath Shah was 
not so bad as Richard III. He ordered the food and drink of the 
prince to be prepared according to his order and gave him a place in the 
palace along with his own brothers.) 
Fath Shah made Saifi Vankari or as another authority has it Saif- 
dar his prime minister. This Saifi was famous for his justice. At this 
time a new religious teacher named Mir Shamsi came into Kashmir 
from Persia. He initiated the people in the Shia doctrines under the 
