143 
1885.] Major H. G. Raverty —Kings of the Saffdriun Dynasty. 
fortress was captured and all within massacred ; and Taj-ud-Din, Binal 
Tigin was taken from Sijistan, and put to death by the infidels at the 
foot of the walls of the fortress of Safed-Koh :* and thus terminated 
the dynasty of the rulers of Nimroz or Sijistan at the close of the 
year 628 H. 
These kings, whose mint was Nimroz or Sijistan, had nothing what¬ 
ever to do with either Hirat or “ West” or “ South Afghanistan the 
Mughals or their vassals held Hirat and its territory, as well as Kabul 
and Ghaznin, and their dependencies; there was no place then known 
as Kandahar, but its territory was known as Bal-yus, or with c w,’ that 
letter and ‘ b’ being interchangeable, Wal-yus, “Afghanistan,” then, 
as now, does not refer to either Hirat, Kabul, Ghaznin, or Kandahar, 
but to the vast mountain tract surrounded on all sides by the stupendous 
range of Mihtar Sulaiman or Koh-i-Siyali, and also known under the 
designation, but in a somewhat extended sense in more recent times, of 
Roh. There is a great difference between “ Af gh anistan,” and the 
Afghan State, to which the name Af gh anistan has of late years been 
loosely applied by Europeans only. 
Mr. Rodgers appears surprised at “ Mangu Khan” the Mughal, 
putting “ the Khalifah’s name on his coins.” It would be surprising if 
he did , but the Mughals at this period had no coins but the bdlish , which 
will be found explained in the translated text. The way it happened 
that the Khalifah’s name appeared is, that the subject Musalman 
Princes had to insert the Mughal name somewhere, but they left the 
other side of the coin as they would have done if a Musalman was their 
suzerain, and the Mughals had never existed. This is shown from the 
coins of the rulers of Kirman, and of the Karliigh Turks of Ghaznin 
and Karman, and others, who, whether they liked it or not, had to sub¬ 
mit to fate, and insert the name of an infidel Mughal on one side of 
their money. 
Mangu Ka’an is said to have repeated the halimah , but he was no 
Musalman ; and was buried according to the prescribed rites of the 
Mu gh als, and was interred at the side of Chingiz Khan, and of 
Tulue or Tull, his father.f If he had been a Musalman, how came it 
about that he despatched his brother, Hulaku, to destroy and extirpate 
the ’Abbasis ? and overturn the Khilafat, which he did, and destroyed 
every male, as he supposed, of the Khalifah’s race ? 
* Ibid, pp. 1181, 1197 to 1205. 
t Ibid, p. 1181, and rule 3, p. 1223, and note to p. 1228, para. 4. 
