1885.] 
J. Beames —On the Geography of India . 
173 
frontier of Bihar and its boundary with Sarkar Purniah of Subah Bengal 
is distinct and unmistakeable, but how far it went to the north cannot 
now be said with any certainty. 
III. Sarkar Champaran. 
3 mahals. Area 85,711 b. 5 b. 55,13,420 d. 700 horse. 30,000 foot. 
1. Simranw. 7,200 b. 2 b. 5,90,095 d. 
2. Mihsi. 56,095 b. 7 b. 35,18,435 d. 
3. Majhowa. 22,415 b. 16 b. 14,04,890 d. 
All three mahals are still extant. Simranw lies partly in British 
territory and partly in Nepal. The ruins of the old capital of Simranw 
(Samara grama = battle-village) lie among dense jungle just across the 
Nepal frontier. Mihsi or Mahsi lies to the south of it. 
3. Majhowa is a very large parganah in the present day stretching 
as far as Tribeni Ghat, the point where the Gandak issues from the hills. 
It was not so large in the time of Akbar, for the great forest of the Cham- 
pak tree from which the district takes its name cliampaka- 
ranya = Champaran) was not fully conquered and settled by the ancestors 
of the Maharaja of Bettiah nor was the now flourishing town of Bettiah 
founded till a much later date. I have shewn on the map only the 
eastern and southern boundaries of this malial, it is impossible to say 
how far it may have extended in a north-westerly direction. It, however, 
probably touched on Sarkar Gorakhpur in Subah Avadh just across the 
Gandak river, much of which especially on its eastern frontier was cover¬ 
ed with forests. 
IV. Sarkar Hajipur. 
11 Mahals. Ten towns *■**£■* 436,952 b. 15 b. 2,73,31,030 dams. 
1 . 
Akbarpur. 
3,366 
b. 
17 
b. 
1,95,040 
d. 
2. 
Busadi. 
10,851 
b. 
14 
b. 
6,24,791 
d. 
3. 
Bisara. 
1,06,370 
b. 
7 
b. 
63,80,000 
d. 
4. 
Balagachh. 
14,638 
b. 
2 
b. 
9,13,660 
d. 
5. 
Patkhara. 
58,306 
b. 
13 
b. 
35,18,354 
d. 
6. 
Hajipur Haveli. 
62,653 
b. 
17 
b. 
38,33,460 
d. 
7. 
Rati. 
30,438 
b. 
13 
b. 
18,24,980 
d. 
8. 
Suresa. 
1,02,461 
b. 
8 
b. 
27,04,300 
d. 
9. 
Tmadpur. 
12,987 
b. 
7 
b. 
7,95,870 
d. 
10. 
Kadahsandh. 
8,76,200 
d. 
11. 
Naipur. 
27,877 
b. 
9 
b. 
16,63,980 
d. 
within my own period of service the Kosi has removed many miles to the west of 
the course shewn on the Atlas of India and other comparatively recent maps ; one 
stage of its freqnent changes is marked by the chota Kosi which still forms the 
boundary of pargannah Dharampur. 
