177 
1885.] 
J. Beames- 
-On the Geography of India. 
62. 
Koradi. 
9,000 d. 
63. 
Khanda. 
330 b. 6 b. 
21,443 d. 
64. 
Lad war!. 
2,609 b. 
142,495 d. 
65. 
Mahila. 
15,295 b. 
942,048 d. 
66. 
Morwah. 
8,289 b. 
515,485 d. 
67. 
Mahend. 
1,077 b. 12 b. 
66,693 d. 
68. 
Naranga. 
632 b. 18 b. 
39,022 d. 
69. 
Malhni. 
151 b. 1 b. 
9,728 d. 
70. 
Noram. 
288,140 d. 
71. 
Nautan. 
3,381 b. 7. b. 
209,153 d. 
72. 
Hathi. 
2,563 b. 18 b. 
159,790^ d. 
73. 
Hirni. 
796 b. 17 b. 
50,342 d. 
74. 
Havi. 
3,665 b. 8 b. 
230,700 d. 
It would be a mistake to infer from the very great number of par- 
ganahs it contains that this Sarkar is larger than the others in this 
Subah. In fact it covers less area than Sarkars Bihar or Mungir ; the 
parganahs of which it is composed are in many instances very small, so 
small that they can hardly be shown on a map of moderate dimensions. 
I have had to indicate some of them by numbers. The Sarkar is one of 
the most difficult to reconstruct of any outside Bengal, many changes 
have taken place both in the names and arrangement of the parganahs 
and there are large areas absolutely unaccounted for. In dealing with 
tracts lying north of the Gang'es we have always to take into considera¬ 
tion the fact that the extent of the tarai or submontane forest varies at 
different points in the most capricious manner, in some places stretching 
far down to the south and being apparently omitted from Akbar’s cen¬ 
sus, while at others parganahs are mentioned which lie close up under 
the hills and are now included in Nepal. Of the 74 mahals comprised 
in this Sarkar some are not to be found at all in the present day, while 
on the other hand there are several modern parganahs, some of them very 
large, which are not mentioned in the Ain, It is probable, in fact 
almost certain, that the older and now untraceable mahals are repre¬ 
sented by these modern parganahs, but which modern name corresponds 
to which ancient name is a mystery I have not been able to solve either 
by enquiry on the spot or by any other means. During the greater part 
of the period lying between our own day and Akbar’s, Tirhut has been 
under the rule of the great house of Darbhanga, and it was probably by 
the successive Rajas that the changes were made which appear to have 
obliterated so many of the old fiscal divisions. I am, however, informed 
by good authority that even the Kanungo’s papers do not contain any 
record of these changes. It seems therefore hopeless to attempt any 
x 
