504 Mr. H. F. Witherby on Birds from the 
Cotile riparia (L.). [B. 216. W. 1903, p. 553; 1907, 
P- 90.] 
$ ? . May 20, S. coast, Caspian Sea. 
Cotile rupestris (Scop.). [B. 2] 6. W. 1903, p. 553; 
1907, p. 90.] 
$ . April 20, Elburz Mts. (near Demavend, alt. 7000 ft.). 
Troglodytes parvulus Koch. [B. 222.] 
. March 2, S. coast, Caspian Sea. 
“ Seen throughout the forest country, on the plains, and 
on the mountains.”—R. B. W. 
I cannot distinguish any difference between this specimen 
and typical examples. The specimen which Mr. Woosnam 
obtained at Suraela in 1906 (cf. Ibis, 1907, p. 92) is worn 
and no doubt bleached, and it is impossible to judge 
from an examination of these two skins whether or not 
T. p. hyrcanm Zar. & Loud. (Orn. Monatsb. 1905, p. 106), 
which is supposed to inhabit the Caspian region, is a valid 
form, 
SlTTA EUROPvEA c^sia Wolf. [B. 223.] 
S S • March 28 & 29, S. coast, Caspian Sea. 
<f No Nuthatches were met with in the swampy alder- 
forests along the coast, but several were seen in the dry 
beech and hornbeam cover on the foot-hills, and they are 
probably numerous all along the afforested north side of the 
Elburz.”—R. B. W. 
These Nuthatches are very different from the pale form of 
the Plateau ( S . e. persica), and they appear to me to re¬ 
semble in every way typical S. cassia. They have neither the 
short bill nor the white eye-spot of S. e. caucasica , while in 
£. rubiginosa Tsch. & Zar. (Orn. Jahrb. 1905, p. 140) the 
under side is stated to be brighter than that of 8. cassia , but 
this is not so in these specimens nor is the bill longer. The 
character of the length of the first primary given for 
S. rubiginosa is quite useless, as this varies greatly in 
individuals. 
