22 Hugh Fraser— Folklore from Eastern Gorakhpur. [No. 1, 
the further developed form , ‘ they became’, the short vowel in the 
final syllable being lengthened to compensate for the weakening of the 
nasal. Maithili has a still older form of or viz., In 
the text the second vNk* is plural only in an honorific sense. 
*lfr, The perpendicular mark over the first syllable, and elsewhere 
over syllables which would naturally be pronounced long, means that for 
the purposes of scansion the syllable is to be considered short. 
is the long form of ‘ a cloud’ and of W*?, 
J 'A. 
‘ a husband,’ the first syllable of the former is shortened, as falling earlier 
than the antepenultimate. See Hoernle’s Gaudian Gram. § 25 and § 356. 
Y. 2. —see note on efrfwTjr above. 
Y. 2. is the past part, of ‘ bow’, ‘ bend’. 
^JTcTT, is the oblique form of ^rpr^, ‘ a court yard’. Skr. = 
Magadhi Prakrit = Bihari ; Skr. ^JTfPRT = Magadhi Prakrit 
= Bihari oblique ^ar*TT. Hence nominative, ^Tfjr*r, ‘ a courtyard’, 
but loc. ^arsiT 'in a courtyard’. Occasionally, however, ^JI*TT is 
incorrectly used in the sense of nominative. 
is long form of TT«ir, ‘ a king’ ; and of ‘ a lump’. 
1st singular past, of f ‘ sweep’. The singular ter¬ 
mination in %T is rare in Bhojpuri, though common in Magadhi. Bhoj¬ 
puri usually adopts the plural termination thus, is a 
contraction of the still older form which still survives in Maithili. 
is probably a compound of the past part. and an obsolete 
verb ‘lam’, no longer survives, but we have ‘lam’, in 
the Ramayan of Tulsi Das, and ‘ he is’, and other forms in Maithili. 
3rd plur. [i. e. honorific) pres, conj., in sense of Indicative of 
The usual form would be '=q^n'°r*r, see note on above. 
V. 4. is the long form of %JT, ‘ people’; vjfrr^RT of 
‘ a bi’other’s son’: of ‘ a jest, joke’. In the translation of 
this verse I would prefer to read ‘my’ instead of ‘your’. 
is the oblique form of just as ^JI*TT is of sgfjrfT.—is 
the genitive of ‘ I’, and its oblique form is used as an optional general 
oblique base of the pronoun ;—so also in all dialects of Bihari. 
Y. 5. —this is the oblique form of an old verbal noun 
‘ a plucking’. The direct form (wrfg') is common in the Ramayan 
(whether in this particular verb or not, I have not noted), and still 
survives in Maithili. I have, elsewhere, gone into the question of these 
oblique forms very fully, and it will be sufficient to point out here that 
the direct form has become in Hindi and Bihari what is called the “ Root” 
in intensive compounds, the final x in this case being dropped. Thus 
t*fT, in Hindi means, ‘ to beat violently’, literally ‘ to give a beating’. 
This verbal noun ^TTY, or ^TfY, ‘ beating’, has the following oblique 
forms. 
