1883.] 
G. A. Grierson— Essays on Bihari Declension. 123 
Loc. ft,—5T*rwf ^ITWT, ‘ what remained over went into 
the guests’ quarters.’ Ram. Ba. ch. 332, 7. 
*T^Ts; srijit, ‘ at dawn to-day having bathed 
at Prayag.’ Ram. A. ch. 262, 6. 
ft,—rf*r fcg ^T^riTf^ rSjTJft, ‘ to 
please Ram every tree was laden with fruit, whether 
in season or not in season, without regard to the time 
of year.’ Ram. Ln. ch. 6, 5. 
55,—^W!55 ^ * if he persist in obstinacy, in 
the end it burns his bosom.’ Ram. Ba. ch. 259, 5. 
55,—^vr?55 tff ^ <T^f sit qjtf, ‘ where there is water, in the end 
there will be mud.’ Ram. A. ch. 175, 4. 
—*fTW *n«fT, ‘ afterwards the son of the wind 
bowed his head.’ Ram . Kis. ch. 23, 9. 
The terminations ^ of the instrumental, and 55, 55 and >?; of the locative 
are rare in the Ramayan, and survive only in a few indeclinables like 
q-T$, 8fc. There may be isolated instances of © and 55 being 
used to form other cases, but I have not noted them in the course 
of my reading. 
• • • 
Probably the Baiswari case postpositions W, ?T, and others are also 
instrumentals, cf. post Maithili «r, and rf. 
Note. It is better to consider this form in if as an instrumental, and 
not as a locative, as (1) the locative is already supplied with another 
organic termination and (2) comparison with the Maithili dialect shows the 
termination as exclusively used in the instrumental case in that dialect, 
and (3) other dialects such as Panjabi and Marathi show traces of the same 
tendency. See post, under head of derivation. 
B.— Maithili. 
Ace. ft, —^ f%7T ^ ^?ft ^T*T, ‘ he is my friend who brings my 
enemy.’ Man'hodh, 6, 39. 
ft,—tier ^ftft ’qr, ‘ the buffalos are grazing in 
the field, beat the calves.’ Prov. 
Instr. ft,— «l*Tff, ‘ he opened the bonds and 
fetters with violence.’ Man. 4, 42. 
ft,— Hjjfc ft/f#, ‘ I would have swept it with my 
body-cloth,’ Nag Songs, No. 1. 
5?,—'Jf^T, ‘ (as much as I would say) 
with half my lip, that also is gone far away,’ Yul. 73,4. 
