1883.] 
157 
G. A. Grierson —Essays on BiJiarz Declension. 
This Prakrit fem. has a genitive which has three forms to be noted at 
present, viz., from which I derive the Gaudian 
oblique forms as follows :— 
Pra. nom. 
Gaudian nom. 
Pra. gen. 
Gaudian obi. 
( 
Bihari TTTf^C 
Marathi 
( 
H. tjk 
(strong form) 
H. 
(Ap.) 
(&.) It now remains to trace this Prakrit to its Sanskrit original. 
This is the abstract noun formed in Sanskrit bj the affix or These 
two affixes are closely connected, only differing in the kind of verb with 
which they are employed. They form verbal nouns by adding ^it to the 
stem. Thus— 
Verbal stem. Verbal noun. 
“live” “life” 
#<3 “write” “aline” 
and so many others. 
Sometimes a parallel feminine form is found in (affix ). Example 
“ roar” “ a river.” 
“ kill” wC 5 ! “ a pestilence.” 
The rules as to which stems in Sanskrit take and which take T, are 
very intricate, and in the vulgar language were certainly not always adhered 
to. At any rate, in Prakrit we find the termination ^ superseding the 
termination ^T, so that we have (Var. V, 24). 
Sanskrit. 
Prakrit. 
^^^TT«TT, “enduring.” 
or 
“turmeric.” 
or 
^TOT, “shade.” 
WPST or ^rft. 
Vararuchi in the Sutra confines the change to four words only, but we 
fin d the option largely extended in the later Prakrit of Hemachandra 
