164 
Rajendralala Mitra —On the Temples of Deoghar. 
[No. 2, 
On the Temples of Deoghar .*• —By Rajendralala Mitra, 
LL. D., C. I. E. 
(With a Plate.) 
Deoghar, ‘ the home of gods,’ is a small town, four miles to the south 
of the Baidyanath Station on the chord line of the East Indian Railway, 
and about two hundred miles due west of Calcutta. Lat. 24° 29' 43'' N. 
Long. 86° 44' 36" E. During the later Muhammadan rule it formed a part 
ot the Birblium district, but it is now included in the Santal Pargannahs, 
lying on its west side. It is situated on a rocky plain, having a small 
forest immediately on the north, a low hill on the north-west, called Nan- 
dana Pahada, a large hill called Trikuta-parvata about five miles to the east,f 
and other hills to the south-east (Jaime and Pathadu), south (Phuljiiari), 
and south-west (Digheria), at varying distances, but within twelve miles 
from its centre. Immediately to the west of the town proper there is a 
small rivulet named Yamunajor, about 20 feet broad, which exists as a dry 
ditch for the greater part of the year. About half a mile to the west of 
this runs the river Dharawa, which, making a bend, runs also along the 
south at a distance of about a mile from the town. The space between the 
town proper and the river on the south side belongs to the Ghatwali estate 
of Rohini; but the town of Rohini is situated about three miles to the west 
of the river. The river varies in width from 50 to 120 yards, and during 
the rains and for two months afterwards is a shallow stream, but in the hot 
months it is a dry bed of sand from which water is drawn by scraping the 
sand to the depth of about a foot. It takes its rise in the hills of the 
Hazaribag district, and, after a winding course, falls into the Mor or Alayu- 
ralcshi ‘the peacock-eyed,’ i. e., having water lustrous as the eye of the 
peacock, near Suri, receiving, before the junction, the waters of the aforesaid 
Yamunajor. It is subject to very serious freshets. After a heavy 
shower during the preceding night, I noticed, one morning at 6 o’clock at the 
end of October, 1881, the water to be barely three feet deep, and four hours 
* There are notices of the archaeology of the place in Montgomery Martin’s 
‘ Eastern India’, Yol. II; in Hunter’s ‘ Annals of Rural Bengal,’ and in his ‘ Statistical 
Account of Bengal,’ Yol. XIV ; in the ‘ Mukarjee Magazine,’ (a note by Babu Bholanath 
Chunder); and in the Archaeological Survey Reports, Yol. VIII, (Mr. Beglar’s Report) ; 
hut none of them is such as to preclude the necessity of a detailed account. None of 
them gives the inscriptions to he found at the place. 
t Mr. Beglar says, “ Eight miles north-west from Baijnath is a group of hills with 
three curious peaks, it is known as the Trikuta hills,” p. 145. The direction given is 
quite wrong, 
