352 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
[October, 
Hardy Bulbs are sufficiently noticed on page 370. 
Tender Bulbs, sucli as those of Gladiolus, Jacob¬ 
ean Lily, Mexican Tiger Flower, etc., are to be 
taken up when the leaves are killed, dried a little, 
properly labeled, and stored in a cool, dry place, 
where they will not freeze or be troubled by mice. 
Dahlias are to be left awhile after the frost kills 
the stems. Take them up in the morning of a dry 
day and let the roots remain in the sun to dry off, 
label securely, and store them where they will not 
freeze or be too damp. The same treatment may 
be given to tubers of the Madeira Vine. 
Trees and Shrubs. —All the hardy deciduous ones 
may be transplanted now, and hedges of deciduous 
shrubs, such as Buckthorn, Privet, etc., may be set. 
Protection to half hardy things should not be ap¬ 
plied until quite cool weather. The object is not 
so much to prevent freezing as to avoid frequent 
changes. Materials should be in readiness. Col¬ 
lect leaves from the lawn or wherever they can be 
found. One of the best materials is the boughs of 
the Red Cedar. Where these can be had in abund¬ 
ance a good supply should be laid in. A coating 
of light peaty earth upon beds of seedlings of per¬ 
ennials serves as an excellent protection. Salt hay, 
readily procured near the coast, is a favorite mate¬ 
rial with gardeners living in those districts. 
Green and IIot-BIowses. 
The more tender plants are to be taken in first. 
Have the pots in good order. Top-dress the plants 
by removing the surface soil and giving a supply of 
rich compost. Have the plants when taken in free 
from 
Insects, the fight with which must be always on 
the offensive, and prevention is better than cure. 
Bulbs. —Directions for potting, etc., are given' on 
page 370. Whenever the ball of earth is well filled 
with roots, the pots, a few at a time, may be 
brought in and the plants forwarded. 
Forcing Plants. —Many of the perennial herba¬ 
ceous plants and shrubs are used for forcing. In 
France the Lilac is forced in large quantities. 
Those most commonly treated in this way here are 
Lily of the Valley, Diceutra, Deutzia gracilis, Wie- 
gela, Astilbe (Spiraea), Japouica, etc. The plants 
are to be potted and kept in a cool place until it is 
desired to bring them into flower. 
Cuttings of bedding plants should be made at 
once, if it has not already been done, and seeds of 
Annuals for winter blooming be sown. 
Pols and Soil and all necessary materials for win¬ 
ter use should be got under cover before winter. 
Ventilate as much as the weather will allow, and 
make the transition from free air to the confine¬ 
ment of the house as gradual as possible. 
Cold Grapery. 
The function of the leaf is not generally under¬ 
stood. An intelligent person asked us the other 
day why we did not strip off the leaves from a vine, 
and it seemed to be news to him that they would 
drop of themselves when they were no longer 
needed. The leaf is only a temporary appendage, 
as is shown by its being jointed to the vine. When 
the vine has no further use for it it falls. Keep the 
house rather warm by the use of the upper venti¬ 
lators only, to finish the ripening of the wood, but 
close all up in damp and cold weather. 
The Fairs for 1868. 
State and National Fairs. 
Chili (S.A.). 
Indiana. 
Iowa.. 
Wisconsin. 
Minnesota . 
Pennsylvania. 
New York. 
Maine. 
New Jersey. 
Kansas. 
Colorado. 
Nova Scotia. 
Nebraska. 
N. II. Mech. Art. Assn. 
Virginia & North Carol 
Maryland Inst_ 
Tennessee . 
Arkansas. 
National Horse Show.. 
Santiago, commences.Dec 15 
Indianapolis.Sept. 28-Oct. 3 
Clinton.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Madison.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Minneapolis.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Harrisburg.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Rochester. Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Portland .Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Waverley.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Leavenworth ... .Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Denver City_Sept. 29-Oct. 3 
Provincial, Halifax.. .Oct. 5-10 
Nebraska City.Oct. 7-9 
Concord.Oct. 6-20 
.Border Fair, Danville, Va...Oct, 20 
Baltimore. 
Clarksville. 
Little Rock.Nov. 3- 7 
Providence, R. I.Oct. 6- 9 
Morlicullui'itl Hxliihitions. 
N. Y. Grape Growers... Canandaigua.Oct. 7- 8 
Lake SkoreGrape Grow¬ 
ers .Painesville, O.Oct. 
Knox’s Grape Show... .Pittsburgh.Oct. 
Virginia HoTticultural & Pomologies!, Richmond, Oct. 
County aud Focal Fairs. 
MAINE. 
Oxford.South Paris.Oct. 6-8 
Waldo.Belfast.Oct. 13-15 
West Oxford.Fryeburg. Oct. 13-15 
NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
Mechanical & Art .Concord.Oct. 6-20 
Merrimac Co.Concord.Sept, 39-Oct. 2 
VERMONT. 
Addison Co..Oct. 6- 8 
Caledonia.St. Johnsbury_Sept, 29-Oct, 1 
Windham Co.Newfane.Sept. 30-Oct. 1 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
Barnstable Co.Barnstable .Oct. 13-14 
Bristol Co.Taunton..Oct. 6- 8 
Berkshire Co.Pittsfield.Oct. 6- 8 
Housatouic.Great Barrington.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Hampshire, Franklin &Hampden, Nortlim’n.Oct. 1- 2 
Hampden Co.Springfield.Oct. 6- 7 
Hampden, East.Palmer.Oct. 13-14 
Marshfield.Marshfield.Oct. 1- 2 
Middlesex Co.Concord.Oct, 1- 3 
Martha’s Vineyard.... .West Tisbury.Oct. 20-21 
Nautucket.Nantucket.Sept. 30-Oct. 1 
North Wrentham.Farmers’ Club.Oct. 6— 
Worcester South.Sturbridgc.Oct. 1- 
CONNECTICUT. 
Hartford.Hartford. 
Ilousatonic.New Milford.Oct. 8-10 
Litchfield.Litchfield.Sept. 30-Oct. 1 
Middlesex Co.Middletown.Oct, 6- 9 
Milford and Orange_West Haven.Sept. 30-Oct. 1 
New London...Norwich. 
Ridgefield. Ridgefield.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
NEW YORK. 
Chemung Co.Elmira.Oct. 7- 9 
Columbia Assoc..Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Delaware Co.Walton.Sept. 29-Oct, 1 
Madison Co.Canastota.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Montgomery.Fonda.Oct. 7-9 
Otsego Co.Cooperstown_Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Schoharie Co.Schoharie.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Steuben Co.Bath.Oct. 6- 8 
Suffolk Co.Riverliead.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Washington Co.Salem..Oct. 7- 9 
Westmoreland.Hampton.Oct. 7- 9 
Winfield.Winfield.Sept. 30-Oct. 1 
Yates Co.Penn Yan.Oct. 7-9 
NEW JERSEY. 
Burlington Co.Mount Holly.Oct. 6- 7 
Huntington.Fair Grounds_Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Warren Co..Oct. 6- 8 
PENNSYLVANIA. 
Alleghany..Pittsburgh.Oct. 6- 9 
Blair Co.Hollidaysburg.Oct. 6- 9 
Clearfield Co.Clearfield.Oct. 13-16 
Columbia Co.Bloomsburg.Oct, 14-16 
Crawford Co.Meadville.Oct. 6- 9 
Crawford.Conneautville_Sept, 30-Oct. 2 
Franklin Co.Chambersburg.Oct. 6- 9 
Union Co.Oct. 7- 9 
Union Agr. Soc.Burgettstown.Oct. 8- 9 
York Co.York.Oct. 6- 9 
MARYLAND. 
Frederick Co.Frederick City.Oct. 20-23 
Washington Co.Hagerstown.Oct. 13-16 
OHIO. 
Ashland Co.Ashland.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Augusta.Can-oil Co....Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Butler Co.Hamilton.Oct. 6- 9 
Champaign Co.Urbana.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Coshocton Co....Coshocton.Oct, 7- 9 
Delaware Co.Delaware.Oct. 6- 9 
Erie Co.Sandusky.Sept. 30-Oct. 3 
Fairfield Co.Lancaster.Oct. 7- 9 
Garrettsville.Portage Co.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Hancock Co.Findlay.Oct, 1-3 
Hancock Co.New Manchester.Oct. 14-16 
Harrison Co.Cadiz. 
Haysville.Ashland County .Oct. 6-9 
Highland Union.Garrettsville.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Independent.Haysville.Oct. 6- 9 
Jackson Co.Jackson.Oct. 1-2 
Lake County.Painesville ... ..Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Logan Co.Bellefontaine.Oct. 6- 9 
Madison.Franklin Co.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Mahoning Co.Canfield. .Oct. 6- 8 
Medina Co.Medina.Oct. 6-8 
Meigs Co.Rock Springs.Oct. 1- 2 
Mercer Co.Celina.Oct. 7-9 
Orwell (Town).Ashtabula Co_Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Ottawa Co.Oak Harbor.Oct. 7-9 
Orrville.Wayne Co.Oct. 14-16 
Plymouth Co.Plymouth.Oct. 7- 9 
SenecaCo.Tiffin.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Summit Co.Akron.Sept. 29-Oct, 2 
Stark Co.Canton.Oct. 7- 9 
Thompson.GeaugaCo.Oct. 1- 2 
Union (Greene Co).Marysville.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Wayne Co.Wooster.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Wellington.Lorain Co.Oct. 7-9 
INDIANA. 
Jennings Co.Vernon.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Wayne Co.Centerville.Oct. 6-10 
WISCONSIN. 
Crawford Co.Denison.Oct. 8- 9 
Fond du Lac Co.Fond duLac.Oct. 6- 8 
Juneau Co.Mauston.Oct. 6- 8 
La Fayette Co.Darlington...Oct. 6 8 
Marquette Co.Montello.Oct. 7- 
Ontagamie Co.Grand Chute. 
Plattevillet.Platteville.Oct. 7- 9 
Walworth Co.Elkhorn.Oct. 6- 8 
ILLINOIS. 
Ag’l. Institute.Sandwich.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Boon Co.Belvidere.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Buel In. & Putnam Co..Hennepin.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
DeKalb Co.Mt. Carroll.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Douglas Co.Tuscola.Oct. 6-9 
Franklin Co.Benton.Oct. 7-10 
Fulton Co.Canton. .Oct, 13-16 
...Sept. 29- 
Oct. 
2 
...Sept. 30- 
Oct. 
2 
. .Galena. 
...Sept. 29- 
Oct. 
2 
. .Geneva. 
...Sept. 30- 
Oct. 
. .Kankakee. 
...Sept, 29- 
Oct. 
2 
. .Bristol. 
.Oct. 
6- 
9 
. .Knoxville. 
...Sept. 29- 
Oct. 
2 
. .Lincoln. 
Oct. 
2 
13- 
16 
6- 
- 9 
.Oct. 
6- 
■ 8 
. .Waterloo. 
13- 
15 
..Hillsboro. 
2 
.Oct. 
7- 
9 
6- 
9 
.Oct. 
7- 
9 
6- 
9 
. .Golconda. 
1- 
3 
.Oct. 
. .Oct. 
7- 
10 
. .Rushville. 
6- 
9 
. .Freeport. 
6- 
9 
.. .Sept, 29- 
Oct. 
2 
. .Catlin ... ... 
.Oct. 
6- 
9 
Warren Co.Monmouth. 
MICHIGAN. 
Bay Co.Bay City... 
Benzie Co.Benzonia. 
.Oct. 6- 9 
.Oct. 
.Oct. 
6- 9 
7- 9 
7- 9 
9 
6- 8 
7- 8 
Berrien Co.Buchanan.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Central.Lansing.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Clinton Co.St, Johns.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Genesee Co.Flint.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Kent Co.Grand Rapids_Sept. 29-Oct 1 
Hillsdale Co.Hillsdale.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Ionia Co.Ionia.Oct. 7-9 
Livingston Co. Howell.Oct. 
Macomb Co.Romeo.Oct. 
Oakland Co.Pontiac.Oct. 
Ottawa Co.Lamont. Oct. 
Saginaw Co.Saginaw.Sept. 30-Oct. 9 
Tuscola Co.Watrousville.Oct. 6- 8 
Washtenaw Co.Ann Arbor.Oct. 7- 8 
MINNESOTA. 
Goodhue Co.RedWing. Oct. 14-16 
Goodhue (Township,).Oct. 1 
KANSAS. 
Anderson Co...Oct. 14-16 
Franklin Co.Ottawa.Oct. 8- 9 
IOWA. 
Allamakee Co.Wankon.Oct. 8-9 
Bremer Co.Waverly.Oct. 
Clayton Co.Farmersburg.Oct, 
Crawford Co.Dennison.Oct. S- 9 
Des Moines Co.Burlington.Oct. 6- 9 
Jefferson Co.Fairfield.Oct 
Jones Co. —Anamosa .Oct, 
Tama Co.Tama .Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
WapelloCo.Ottumwa.Oct. 13-14 
Wayne Co. .Corydon.Oct. 8-10 
MISSOURI 
Audrain Co.Mexico.Oct. 12-16 
Boone Co.Columbia.Sept. 29-Oct. 3 
Carrol Co.Carrolton.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Chariton Co. Ag. and 
Mech. .Keytesville.Oct. 15-18 
Clay Co.Liberty.Oct. 6- 9 
Cole Co.Jefferson City.Oct. 13-18 
Fulton Co.Canton..Oct. 15-16 
Gentry Co.Albany.Oct. 14-16 
La Fayette Co.Lexington.Oct. 20- 25 
Linn Co..Linneus.Sept. 30-Oct. 3 
Lewis Co.Canton.Sept. 28-Oct. 2 
Montgomery City.Montgomery Co.Oct. 19-24 
Montgomery Co.New Florence_Sept. 29-Oct. 3 
Moniteau Co.California.Oct, 6-9 
New Florence..Montgomery Co.Sept. 29-Oct. 3 
6 - 8 
7- 9 
7- 9 
6- 9 
&C. 
.......Oct. 
27 
Platte Co. 
..Sept. 29-Oct. 3 
Salina Co. 
.Oct. 
13-16 
St. Louis Co. 
.Oct. 
5-10 
Vernon Co. 
.Oct. 
13-15 
Warren Co.. 
14-17 
Washington Co ... 
.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
KENTUCKY.- 
Barren Co. 
.Oct. 
6- 9 
Carroll Co. 
..Sept. 30-Oct. 4 
Fayette Co. 
. .Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Henderson Co_ 
.Oct. 
6-10 
Owen Co. 
6- 9 
Warren Co. 
.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
Washington Co ... 
, .Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
TENNESSEE. 
Giles Co. 
5 
Horse Fair. 
20-24 
Montgomery Co... 
5 
Robertson Co. 
.Oct, 
13-17 
1- 3 
CANADA. 
Compton Co . 
6- 
Essex Co. 
7- 8 
Lime for Wheat.— “P. T. M.,” Dayton, 
O. “ Will lime secure good wheat crops upon our West¬ 
ern soils ?” The favorable wheat crops of Pennsylvania, 
to which you refer, are not secured by lime alone. The 
lime is applied but once in a rotation of from five to seven 
years, and then with Indian corn on sod. Oats follow 
the corn, and manure is spread and plowed in for 
wheat. Your lands want ammonia quite as much as lime, 
