54 
c-album from the Vanessas, adopting for it the name Grapta, which had 
been given as a generic name to an allied American species by Rev. 
Wm. Kirby in 1^37; atalanta and cardui were placed together in 
another genus, to which Hiibner’s name Pyrameis was applied. He 
followed Westwood in using Chrysophanus for the Coppers, but preferred 
Lyccena to Polyommatus for the Blues. 
In 1850 Stephens, Avho had by that time become acquainted with 
Hiibner’s Verzeichniss, embodied in The List of the Specimens of British 
Animals in the collection of the British Museum : Part v. Lepidoptera, his 
later ideas on the subject of classification. He placed Papnlionidoe first, 
sub-dividing it into Papilionidi, Rhodoceridi and Pieridi; Nymph alidee, 
which came next, was sub-divided into Satyridi, Nymphalidi (limited to 
Limenitis and Apatura), Vanessidi and Argynnidi; then followed Erycinidce, 
Lyccenidce, Hesperidce. Stephens was the first after Hiibner to place 
hyperanthus in a separate genus, for which he used that author’s name 
Enodia; he made many other changes in the limits and designations 
of the genera of his earlier work, the influence of the Verzeichniss being 
very patent; the “resurrection-man ” was no bogey to Stephens. 1850 
also saw the completion of the first edition of Henry Doubleday’s list. 
In this no attempt was made to group the genera ; the arrangement is 
that set forth by Boisduval in 1840. Two or three alternative generic 
names are often given ; if the one that is placed first is to be taken as 
Doubleday’s choice, then he followed Boisduval with these substitutions : 
Gonepteryx for Rhodocera, Chrysophanus for Polyommatus, and Pamphila 
for Hesperia. 
In 1852 Julius Lederer published in the Proceedings of the Zoologico- 
botanical Society of Vienna an “ attempt to arrange the European 
lepidoptera in the most natural succession.” His arrangement was that 
of Boisduval, but he placed the Erycinidoe in a distinct group separate 
from the other tribes of Boisduval’s Succinctce. He also revived the 
old Linnasan name Equites in substitution for Papilionidce, and included 
Apatura among the Nymphalidce. He adopted Herrich-Schaeffer’s 
generic nomenclature save that he used Hipparchia for galathea, 
established a separate genus for paniscus, to which he gave the uncouth 
name Carterocephalus, and replaced daplidice in Pieris. In 1857 
Stainton in the Manual followed Stephens’ British Museum List with 
these differences. He rejected the sub-family Rhodoceridi, placing the 
Yellows in Pieridi; used Anthocharis and not Eucldoe ; did not separate 
hyperanthus from ianira and tithonus ; and adopted for Skippers Thymele, 
Tlianaos and Steropes in place of the Hiibnerian names used by 
Stephens, agreeing, however, with the latter in the use of Pamphila. 
In 1858 Rambur published a Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Andalusia, 
in which the Rhopalocera were divided into two tribes, Papilioniens and 
Hesperiens. The former was subdivided into eight families, of which 
the six that concern us were thus arranged:— Nymphalides, Satyrides, 
Erycinides, Lyccenides, Pierides and Papilionides. The genera of Satyrides 
were Arge, Pararga, Hipparchia (ianira and tithonus), Coenonympha, 
Erebia and Satyrus (semele ). Donzel’s Leuconea was used for cratcegi, as 
it had been by Duponchel, and several new generic names adopted for 
Skippers, among them Scelotrix for alveolus, and Heteropterus, a name 
taken from Dumeril, for sylvanus, &c. 
In 1859 the second edition of Henry Doubleday’s list appeared; 
this differed considerably from the earlier edition. The genera were 
