it, showing the progress of the flight, and their gradual dispersion over 
the kingdom, the place of landing being on the Hampshire Coast. 
After a few notes on the life-history of the species, he passed on to 
consider the distribution of the August brood, which had been recorded 
from every English county except Northumberland, Durham, West¬ 
moreland, Cumberland, Huntingdon and Rutland, its apparent non-ap¬ 
pearance in the last two being probably the result of want of observers. 
In most of the southern counties it had been very common, the coast¬ 
line from the Isle of Wight to Suffolk, being its head-quarters. In 
Lancashire and Yorkshire it was local or scarce, its northern limits in 
England, ending in the two most northerly counties in which the spring 
specimens were seen. Seven specimens however, had been noted from 
Scotland, Perth and Aberdeen being the northern limits. Passing to the 
west, it had been recorded from six counties in Wales, and as ‘ somewhat 
plentiful ’ in the Isle of Man, while Co. Dublin, Ireland, produced two 
or three specimens. Further south, it ‘ swarmed ’ in the Channel Isles, 
but notes were wanted of its occurrence on the Continent. With regard 
to the habits of the species, lie remarked that it was not so attached to 
clover fields as C. hyale, but appeared to be equally plentiful on 
flowery fields, downs and undercliffs. Several collectors mentioned its 
fondness for ragwort flowers, on which its protective colouring renders 
it inconspicuous. He had also noticed it ftying along the borders of 
potato fields in North Devon, and Mr. Lewcock recorded an instance 
of a single male specimen being taken on sugar in 1857. The variation 
of ednsa might be divided into four heads:—(1). Colour.—The females 
varied from white (var. helice ) through pale yellow, to orange, and the 
males from lemon to orange, the darker specimens frequently having a 
flush of purple on the hind wings. (2). Markings.—This was chiefly 
in the size of the discoidal spot, and the yellow spots or lines in the 
dark border. (3). Size.—Possibly the result of food. The lemon 
variety was nearly always small in size. (4). Shape.—Best shown in 
the hind margin of the fore wings, which was sometimes very convex, 
and sometimes straight or concave. Mr. Hawes then gave a detailed 
account of his experience with the species during the past season. The 
first C. eclasa he had seen appeared on the 28th May, on the borders of 
Highgate Woods, and from that date to about 12th June, five more had 
been noticed on the G. N. Railway between Finchley and Finsbury Park. 
On 6th June, a male in good condition, was taken at St. Osyth, Essex. 
It was observable that in each case the insect was flying from a southerly 
quarter, in obedience to a general impulse and influenced by the pre¬ 
vailing winds. Allusion was made to the large numbers seen at 
Felixstowe, between August 20th and 23rd, and also to the capture 
there of six specimens of C. hyale. Mr. Hawes then proceeded to 
the question as to the stage in which C. edusa hybernates in Britain. 
He noticed the fact that the egg, which was similar in structure to the 
ova of Gonepteryx rhanini, Euchloe cardamines, and the Pieridce, was far 
too fragile to withstand even the mildest winter, and doubted whether 
the larva was sufficiently proof against frost and cold, to hybernate 
successfully, at least in this country. He then suggested that a fair 
inference might be made by comparing C. edusa with G. rhamni in the 
imago state. The two species were similar as regards antennas, clothing 
of thorax and body, and general strong build of wing, and as the like¬ 
ness might be extended to the previous stages of both species, he thought 
