8 
Nicholson, two varieties of Pararge ageria, the only specimens that 
emerged from a large brood. One of these was without the eye-spots 
on the forewings, while the other had the light and dark markings 
blotched into one another. Mr. Tutt expressed an opinion that the 
variation was due to disease, and was probably caused by the food being 
insufficient or innutritious. Mr. Milton, a number of species from 
Epping Forest, including Eurymene dolobraria , Dicycla oo, Halias quer- 
cana , etc. ; also in Coleoptera, Telephones abdominalis , Hydroporus 
$-lineatus, Pogonocherus fasciculalus . Mr. Burrows, Carabus granulatus 
from Wanstead, and a series of Bembidium \-guttatum from Mitcham. 
Mr. Heasler, Ischnoglossa rufopiceci, taken under rotten beech bark at 
Loughton, and Mycetoporus lucidus from Boleti at the same locality. Mr. 
Riches, Testicella scutellum , and other species of slugs. Mr. Boden, 
various fossils from the Gault clay at Folkestone. 
The Secretary read a resolution recently passed by the Council, an¬ 
nouncing their intention to compile a list of the fauna observed within a 
radius of ten miles of Charing Cross, and impressed upon the members 
the necessity for their co-operation. Mr. Bayne then read the following 
paper. 
The Lepidoptera of Epping Forest.— As it is rather difficult to 
indicate localities by the use of the names of the different parts of the 
Forest, which many of us probably do not know, I think it will be 
advisable to divide the Forest into sections. In the first, which I 
propose to call the Chingford section, are included the Forest proper, 
between Chingford and High Beach, and the district to the south and 
west of this portion, as far south as Larkswood, taking in Chingford 
Church, Chingford Hatch, etc., and part of Sewardstone, but not, of 
course, encroaching on the Lea Valley. This strip of country is 
studded with woods, and in earlier times, I suppose, was all forest land. 
Coming again to the Forest proper, after crossing Chingford Plain, we 
pass through a wood of pollard trees, mostly hornbeam and oak, inter¬ 
spersed with sloe bushes, and broken by marshy glades. The general 
level of this wood (according to the maps in Mr. E. N. Buxton’s book) 
is 200 feet above high water mark. It, however, rises to 300 feet at 
the S.W. corner. After walking about a mile, or a mile and a half, we 
cross Fairmead Bottom and come to the first beech woods. These are 
on higher ground. The second section, between the road from the 
“ Robin Hood ” to High Beach Church, and thence on to Sewardstone 
and the “Wake Arms,” we will include under the name of Monkswood. 
This stretch of the Forest is of a far more varied character than the 
first named. We pass through a belt of polled trees, beech, horn¬ 
beam and oak, then heather studded with pollards, birches, holly, 
sallow, etc. After a mile or so, we reach Monkswood proper, a wood 
composed of splendid beech trees, with a few old oaks scattered 
amongst them, and broken by glades with heather and sallow. This 
section has a good many ponds and open marshy spaces. In this 
division, I will also include Jack’s Hill, on the right of the road from 
Loughton to the Wake Arms, the character of the wood being similar. 
Monkswood proper stands at about 300 ft., and the Wake at 370 ft. 
On entering the next section, which I will call the Wake Arms section, 
we pass through an extent of open heather studded with clumps of 
birches. This continues until we reach Epping Thicks, which resemble 
