30 
THE MAMMALS OF EGYPT. 
growth and mature age—that is, when they have completed their second dentition. 
At this period they undergo as great a change in their mental propensities as in their 
physical appearance. While young they are gentle, docile, and playful, but as soon as 
they have acquired their full development they become sulky, malicious, and morose. 
[Several fine representatives of the Hamadryas baboon, 6 and $ , exist in the 
Zoological Gardens at Cologne; and in July 1900, Dr. Anderson sent his artist, 
Mr. P. J. Smit, to figure them, and the results appear in Plates I. and II.^ The 
coloured sketches, however, were not received from the artist in time to be approved 
of by Dr. Anderson. At the same time, sketches were made of Papio thoth, 
P. hahouin, and P. langheldi (all considered by the author of the present treatise to 
be forms of one and the same animal, P. cijtiocephalas), then living in the same 
Gardens. It may be mentioned here that Mr. Smit also visited the Zoological 
Gardens at Berlin, and drew from life Papio doguera=anuhis. 
In the autumn of 1899, on our return from a lengthened tour on the Continent of 
Europe, examining the different species at Museums and Zoological Gardens, we 
made a short stay in Paris and visited, according to our wont, the Jardin d’Accli- 
matation. There, in the “ Salle des Hamadryas,” we were struck with the grotesque 
appearance of two venerable males, seated side by side, the one the exact fellow of 
the other. —G. S. A.] 
In its native haunts the ordinary food of this baboon is berries, bulbous roots, and 
grains. Pearce, in his ‘ Life and Adventures in Abyssinia,’ says he had seen an 
assembly of large monkeys (baboons) drive the reapers from their fields of grain in 
spite of their slings and stones, till several people went from the village to their 
assistance, and even then the baboons only retired slowly, seeing that the men had 
no guns. 
It is also asserted that they search with avidity for the nests of birds and suck the 
eggs, and that they are more or less indiscriminate feeders, eating reptiles, insects, 
and scorpions. 
Blanford (Geol. & Zool. Abyss. 1870, p. 222) has the following interesting notes on 
the habits of this species :—“ The great Dog-faced Baboon, the Sacred Ape (Thoth) 
of the ancient Egyptians, is by far the commonest Monkey throughout the portion of 
Abyssinia traversed by me. It was met wdth everywhere from the plains around 
Annesley Bay to the top of the Dalanta plateau, although most abundant perhaps in 
the tropical and subtropical portions of the country. I saw a small herd close to 
Theodore’s old camp at Baba, on the Dalanta plateau, at above 9000 feet of elevation. 
In the passes leading to the tableland from the coast immense numbers were constantly 
1 [It would be well to remember that the author described the Baboons from Museum specimens, whilst 
the Plates were taken from living animals; this being borne in mind, should explain any discrepancies.] 
