PAPIO CTNOCEPHALUS. 
61 
Brisson’s fifth race of monkeys, and in the Reg. Anim. p. 213 the essential characters 
of the group are defined. But Brisson described three species, “ Le Cercopitheque 
cynocephale,” “ Le Makaque,” and “ Le Magot ” or “ Tartarin, ’ each bearing its 
respective number. It would appear that the first species was so called for two reasons : 
first, because he selected it as the type of his fifth race ; and secondly, because he did 
not know its native name, or any other name by which it was called. On the other 
hand, to the two species that followed it he applied the respective names by which 
they were known. Linder each species there is a short account of its leading 
characters, the Cercopitheciis cynocephalus being defined as already stated. There can 
be no doubt that by this Brisson intended to indicate a species, and by this particular 
one a baboon of a greenish-yellow colour, and, in all likelihood, a baboon corresponding 
to that known later as the ‘ Babouin.’ Throughout the whole of Brisson’s book the 
subject is treated in a similar way, and no one can hesitate to accept his definitions as 
an attempt on his part to indicate species. It is therefore not in keeping with fact to 
say that the use of the phrase Cercopithecus cynocephalus was purely generic, as it was 
also used in a specific sense when other than generic attributes were appended to it. 
Is. Geofir. St.-Hilaire’s figure of this baboon under the name of Cynocephalus hahuin 
was taken from a specimen still preserved in the Paris Museum, but the locality whence 
it came is unknown. 
Thanks to the courtesy of the late Professor Milne-Edwards, I have been enabled 
to examine this specimen. I went to the study of it fresh from a careful examination 
of the specimens existing in the British and Berlin Museums, and the conclusion I 
have arrived at is that it cannot be regarded in any other light than as identical with 
the East-African baboon described by Ogilby. 
The opening up of Eastern Africa by Great Britain and Germany, and the intelligent 
interest which has been manifested in the Natural History of the region by exploring 
expeditions, and by some of the European officials intrusted with the administration of 
the protected States, have greatly contributed to the enlargement of our knowledge 
respecting its Zoology, and have brought to light the fact that it is the abode of Papio 
cynocephalus, Linn. 
The value of the collections on which the following observations are based is due 
to the fact that they contained eleven skulls of baboons supported by their skins, and 
only five skulls unsupported by their skins. Another favourable feature distinguishing 
them is that the locality where each specimen was obtained has been accurately 
recorded. On examining the names of the different places, they are found to be 
comprised within the area lying between the Tana and the Zambesi, the most inland 
being Langenberg and the localities at the southern end of Lake Nyassa, which may be 
stated to lie at 560 and 630 kilom. respectively to the west of the coast-line. It is 
possible, however, that this species spreads southwards across the Zambesi, and that 
