78 
THE MAMMALS OF EGYPT. 
specimen, so that in two individuals from one and the same locality this tooth varies as 
much as 2 mm. The variation is not restricted to any particular locality, as the 
baboons of Mombasa and Fort Johnston have this tooth of exactly the same size and 
only 0'6 of a millimetre shorter than the same tooth of the Perondo skull, which is 
only 0-4 mm. shorter than the corresponding tooth in one of the Mpapwe skulls, in 
which this tooth varies from 15 to mm. 
In the skull from Kikafu the posterior cusp of the last lower molar is almost 
suppressed, or at least so much so that only two cusps are visible externally. 
Conclusion.—Whilst the specific identity of the individuals herein described seems 
to be established, the fact remains that those to the south of Perondo manifest a 
tendency to diverge somewhat in certain features from the baboons further to the 
north. These divergences, however, do not appear to me to be so emphasized as to 
entitle them to be regarded as a basis for the formation of geographical races, as in 
other characters they are found, so to speak, to intergrade with those of their northern 
representatives, leaving no clear line of demarcation between them. YFhat these slight 
divergences are have already been indicated. 
The series further establishes the iact that this species, like other species of baboons, 
is characterized by a remarkable diversity in the size of the individuals. In some of 
the other species it would appear that in certain areas of their distribution smaller 
individuals are met with than in other places, and these it may be desirable to indicate, 
when they are distinctive of an area, as local races; but in P. cynocephalus no 
analogous facts are met with. The Table bearing on dentition brings out, however, 
that the teeth, as a rule, gradually diminish in size in individuals from north to south, 
but this is associated with a certain amount of overlapping, so that it is impossible to 
seize hold of any assemblage of chai'acters by which it would be possible satisfactorily 
to arrange these baboons into local groups. This remark is equally applicable to the 
external characters of the animals. Much more extensive materials are absolutely 
necessary to admit of these interesting details in variation being worked out 
satisfactorily. 
