CANIS. 
205 
wolf or ‘ Deib ’ of the Bedouins. But when these two skulls now under comparison 
are placed side hy side it is seen that the frontal region of the Gizeh skull is hut little 
swollen, and the little swelling that does take place is immediately over the supra¬ 
orbital process itself, the centre of the forehead being very widely concave, whereas in 
C. pallipes the swelling rises suddenly from the downwardly-bent process, extending 
to the mesial line of the forehead, which is consequently more pronouncedly rounded 
from side to side than in the Gizeh skull. 
One of the Tunis skulls, 46.10.30.155, is exactly like the skull of C. pallipes, while 
the forehead of the other Tunisian skull, 48.1.8.1, has the swelling almost confined to 
the region of the supraorbital process, the middle of the forehead having more the 
character of the Gizeh skull. This region of the forehead of the Luxor skull has all 
the characters of the Gizeh male skull. It is evident from a consideration of the 
similarity of these North-African jackal skulls to that of C. pallipes, that the latter is a 
very closely-allied species, an opinion which Huxley gave expression to some years 
ago 
There exists, therefore, in Egypt, a jackal considerably exceeding in size the dimensions 
of C. aureus, as is shown by the skull-measurements; it extends also to Tunisia and 
Algeria, hut not into the upper valley of the Nile. In Egypt, the animal is pale 
yellowish, washed feebly, longitudinally, with black, its pale colour being doubtless due 
to the circumstance that it is found chiefiy in the desert; but in Tunisia and in Algeria 
it occurs, according to Lataste, generally on the Tell, i. e. the black soil of cultivated 
land, and consequently the animals from that tract of North Africa are much darker 
than those of the Egyptian region. The jackal of Tunisia is much more marked with 
black, and has a distinctly rufous tint on the outside of the fore limbs and on the 
thighs. This is the animal that has been mistaken in Barbary for C. aureus, a species 
which does not appear to extend its range to North Africa. 
The females of the Egyptian and Barbary jackals are very much smaller than the 
males, and they present the same variations of the forehead; they seem also to differ 
occasionally considerably in size, as is evident also from the measurements of the 
hind feet. 
Frankfort Museum. 
In the Senckenberger Museum there is a stuffed example of a male jackal from Tunis 
(Gabes), June 1898, which is labelled Canis aureus. It is, however, quite distinct 
from the latter species, and has a strong resemblance in its general features to 
C. variegatus, but differs from it in its greater size and heavier build, its coloration, and 
shorter and thicker muzzle. It has large ears, nearly quite as large as those of 
^ Proc. Zool. Soc. 1880, p. 278 
