210 
THE MAMMALS OE EGYPT. 
An adult male skull of a jackal stated to have been brought from South Arabia 
by Menges, and to have lived in the Zoological Gardens, Berlin, bears the label 
“ Canis hadramauticMs, Noack, male, Siid-Arabien, 8326. Menges.” On another 
ticket is written “Kastelan 23. ix. 96, Canis hadramauticus, <s , Schadel, 8327.” The 
skin of this animal is also in the Berlin Museum, and it presents a remarkably 
strong resemblance to the stutfed type specimen of Canis lupaster, Hempr. & Ehr., 
from Lower Egypt (the Fayum), the skull of which has been removed from the 
specimen. 
Both are adult skulls, but the skull of C. lupaster is very much larger. As the 
jackal called C. hadramauticus w^as young when it was received, its small size may 
possibly be attributable to the effects of a life of confinement. The general form of 
the skulls is the same, and both are characterized by short stout muzzles and by 
considerable zygomatic breadth. The muzzle, however, of C. hadramauticus is even 
shorter than that of C. lupaster, and, like that species, the ears are large, so that it is 
in no way related to Canis aureus or to any of its allies. The colour of the head is 
almost identical with that of the type of C. lupaster, but the sides of the face from 
behind the eyes and above the eyes to the ears have the hairs decidedly black tipped, 
so that these areas have a greyish-yellow hue. Before the eyes the muzzle is decidedly 
rather rich yellowish, and above the posterior part of the upper lip and behind the 
angle of the mouth the parts are white. The chin is dusky yellow, and the throat 
and chest white, many of the hairs on the latter region having black tips. The hairs 
of the upper surface of the neck are sandy yellow, many of them with long black tips. 
There is a distinct tendency to the formation of a dark collar. The upper surface of 
the back is finely speckled black and white and the sides are sandy grey. The out¬ 
sides of the fore legs are pale yellowish, passing almost into white on the wrist, but the 
hairs about the toes are yellowish. The hind legs are coloured much the same as tlie 
fore legs, but there is more yellow about the feet. The tail is black-tipped and the 
black spot upon its dorsum is well defined. Measurements of this male specimen, 
which is stuffed:—Snout to vent 800 mm.; vent to tip of tail 215; height at 
shoulder 435 ; height of ear posteriorly 100 ; height of ear anteriorly 90. 
Measurements of the type skull of C. lupaster, Hempr. & Ehr., 
and of the type of C. hadramauticus, Noack. 
C. liaclra- 
C. lupaster. mauticus, 
mill. mm. 
Premaxillaries to crest of occipital protuberance. ... 151 
Lower border of foramen magnum to tip of premaxillaries ... ... 140 
„ „ ,, apical border of palate . . ... 65 
Length of palate. 93 76 
Breadth of palate between middle of anterior molars. 25 26 
