human and animal variola:. 
197 
among dairy cows; but when the veterinary surgeon saw them 
the attack was subsiding, and on the cows still affected the pus¬ 
tules were either broken or dried up. Before the eruption ap¬ 
peared the cows gave an abundance of milk, and were grazing in 
the fields. At Wornmen a large number of cattle were affected 
with vaccinia, and the same reporter mentions pigs as being af¬ 
fected wiih variola in the same district. 
Cow-pox appears in the Danish Health of Animals returns; 
and I observe that in 1875 there were included in the returns 
twenty-six cases of natural cow-pox throughout Norway, while in 
1878 there were reported 581 cases in sixty nine localities, forty- 
five of these being in Northern Seeland. They occurred as in 
other countries, all the year round, but were most numerous 
towards September. 
I have taken the liberty of bringing forward this evidence to 
prove that cow-pox is not an extinct disease; that the chance 
cases reported in such small countries as Wurtemberg, Belgium 
and Denmark amount to a considerable number in the course of 
the year; that there is ample clinical and experimental proof that 
the malady is really vaccinia, and has no relation whatever to hu¬ 
man variola; that the presence of the disease in isolated cases or 
in a sporadic condition, gives it the power of assuming an epizoo¬ 
tic form when circumstances permit; and that, although it is 
more or less denied that cow-pox exists in this country, there is 
every probability that it is at least quite as common as in Wur" 
temberg, though perhaps less so than in the days of Jenner. 
With regard to the localisation of the disease in the cow, it is 
quite true that the mammae and teats are the special seat of the 
eruption, just as the mouth, lips, and limbs are the ordinary situ¬ 
ation of the horse-pox. Nevertheless, cases now and again occur 
in which, as also in the horse, the eruption is not limited to the 
usual parts, but appears on the muffle, nostrils, and other regions 
where the skin is thin and the hair scanty. Bilger D’Arboval 
and other veterinarians testify to this, as also do the Wurtemberg 
reports. But the eruption is veiw far from being general over 
the body, even in these instances. 
The female sex of the animal has been brought forward as an 
