PRIZE ESSAY. 
393 
inoculation compulsory. Notably in Holland have the good re¬ 
sults of this measure justified its adoption. 
Out of 22,34:8 cases inoculated on the Continent of Europe, 
we find that 24£ per cent, were uninoculable, that is, gave nega¬ 
tive results; but of the 75^- per cent which showed results, 7.08 
per cent lost their tails, 0.24 per cent, suffered from extensive 
gangrene, and 2.19 per cent, died, while about 1.25 per cent, con¬ 
tracted the disease on being exposed to contagion. This showing, 
compared with the results without inoculation, in which the deaths 
are from 30 to 50 per cent., speaks volumes in favor of this 
measure, which is upheld and advocated by the advanced and 
progressive veterinarians of the world. 
It must not be supposed, however, that, excellent as is the 
record of inoculation, it has not its opponents. Some leading 
authorities object that— 
1st. The deaths following inoculation are nearly, if not quite, 
as great as from the disease itself. 
2nd. That it is but a means of spreading pleuro-pneumonia ; 
and 
3rd. That it does not afford immunity from its attacks. 
In answer to these objections, it may be stated, that the first 
and third are fully answered by the results noted above, while the 
second has no foundation in fact, it being impossible to produce 
pleuro-pneumonia by inoculation , as has been proved by many ex¬ 
periments. 
But, excellent as are the results hitherto noticed, the more 
recent ones obtained by Mr. Rutherford, V. S., of Edinburgh, 
eclipse them all. 
Of these experiments Mr. George Fleming says (Veterinary 
Journal, 1879): “ Mr. Rutherford’s highly successful, intelligent 
and scientific practice of inoculation on a larger scale than has, 
perhaps, ever before been attempted in this country, leaves noth¬ 
ing more to be desired in the way of evidence as to the absolute 
immunity conferred by inoculation. * * No animal in¬ 
oculated by Mr. Rutherford has ever been known, no matter how 
much it may have subsequently been exposed to infection, to be¬ 
come diseased, and the dairymen have no fear whatever in intro- 
