HUMAN AND ANIMAL VARIOLAS. 
473 
forein importation. According to Hansen, the official veterinary 
surgeon in central Norway,* in 1867-68-69 and 1874 and 1875, 
extensive outbreaks of goat pox were observed ; and according 
also to the official veterinary statistics in 1865, eleven cases of the 
so-called “water-pock” (varioloe serosce ), and in 1868 four cases 
of common goat-pox were recorded in south Norway. Many 
oases which escape the notice of the Government veterinary 
surgeons are supposed to occur. In 1871 Dr. Caesar Boeck, of 
Christiana, was on a botanical excursion in south Norway, and 
in July, in Thelemarken, he saw a drove of cows and goats being 
driven from the woods into their huts. The cattle were quite 
healthy, but about forty of the goats were affected with a vario¬ 
lous eruption on the udder and teats, as well as about the mouth. 
In some there were merely deep dark-colored sores remaining, in 
others—the majority—there were seen thick brownish crusts, 
about the size of a pea, on the mouth, udder and adjoining parts; 
while in a few the disease was so recent that, with the crusts, there 
were also observed pustules from the size of a lentil to that of a 
pea. From inquiry and examination, Boeck was of opinion that 
the exanthem had been more or less general over the body, and 
that there had been fever and resulting emaciation. The milk 
secretion had been almost diminished, and the fluid itself was 
drawn with difficulty and pain. None of the goats had died, and 
no other animals had, so far as the shepherdess knew, been in 
contact with her drove. The cows were fifty in number, and 
none of them showed the least trace of disease. The cows and 
goats were milked indiscriminately by three women, whose hands 
were not washed from the commencement to the end of the 
operation; so that there was abundant opportunity for trans¬ 
mission of the disease from the goats to the cows, had the latter 
been susceptible; while the constant association of the two species, 
particularly in the closely-packed sheds, gave every facility for 
infection through the medium of the atmosphere, if this could 
have taken place. Experimental inoculation would have been 
tried, but no good lymph could then be found. The epizooty 
*Gudbransdalen d. h. Gudbrandathal. 
