254 
t. D. HOPKINS. 
by slaughtering an animal and making an autopsy. This occurred 
in 1862. 
In the year 1849, Wm. Meakin, of Bush wick, kept a large 
dairy, and used a yoke of oxen to draw grains from the breweries. 
One day while on the road he was induced to draw out a dead 
cow from a milkman’s stable; from this the oxen became infected 
and the disease gained entrance into Mr. Meakin’s dairy, resulting 
in the loss of forty head in three months. Here the malady pre¬ 
vailed for twenty years, or until Mr. Meakin left the business. 
This covers thirteen years of the period that the disease was 
known to exist in the Skillman stables and seven years subsequent 
to the visit of the Massachusetts Commissioners, and brings us 
down to 1869. In 1868, Prof. John Gaingee investigated this 
disease in the United States, and found it to exist in various parts 
of Long Island. In the year 1870, W. D. Sanger of Bayside, 
L. I., by the purchase of a black cow from a dealer, had his herd 
infected with this pestilence and lost 90 animals out of 150 in 
one stable, and sixty out of 130 in another, within a period of 
twenty months. 
The continuous existence of the disease is thus shown from 
1843 to 1872, on Long Island; but it was not confined by any 
means to Long Island alone, for so long ago as 1850 Mr. Bath¬ 
gate of Morrisania had his Jersey herd infected, and all efforts 
to eradicate it failed until some years later, when the barns burned 
down. And so prevalent was the disease in the vicinity, that for 
many years afterwards Dr. Bathgate was afraid to pasture his 
own lots adjoining the streets, lest his stock should again contract 
the plague from diseased cattle running on the commons. 
Seven years ago the trouble was brought into the herd of 
Joseph Schwab, of 149th Street and Southern Boulevard, by a 
cow bought of a dealer ; here twenty-three died and only seven 
recovered (?). Within the last seven years most of the large 
dairies in the suburbs of New York City have suffered from in¬ 
vasions of this disease. As notable instances of this, we might 
mention those of Patrick Green, Frank Divine, Emery Hill and 
his brother, Horace K. Hill, Geo. McKittrick, Mr. Trot and many 
others. 
