SUNDRIES. 
345 
side—and by the admission of free auditors , either French or 
foreigners. These were admitted without examination, and re¬ 
quired to pay 50 francs quarterly in advance. 
As we read and understand the privileges and requirements of 
these three classes of students, the free auditors enjoy the same 
advantages as the students as far as lectures and clinics were con¬ 
cerned, but they are not allowed to present themselves for the di¬ 
ploma granted by the council of the school. 
SUNDRIES. 
TYPHOID FEVER FROM DISEASED MEAT. 
An epidemic of typhoid fever, interesting in its aetiology,-fol¬ 
lowed a musical festival at Zurich in May, 1878. Out of some 
700 assistants, 500 were attacked by the disease, of whom 100 
died. The symptoms could not be mistaken, and the autopsies 
confirmed the diagnosis. A minute inquiry into the circumstances 
left but little doubt that the epidemic was due to the use of bad 
veal furnished by an innkeeper of the place. It may be claimed 
by those who attribute to general causes the power of originating 
specific diseases, that the typhoid fever was due to a septic poison 
present in the veal, depending possibly on a beginning fermenta¬ 
tion, which was not destroyed by the cooking to which it had 
been submitted. On the other hand, as the animal from which 
the meat was taken was sick, it may be asked whether it might 
not have been suffering from typhoid fever, although this disease 
has never yet been recognized among animals. It is a remarkable 
fact that in 1839 a similar but much less fatal epidemic occurred 
in a neighboring locality. After a reunion that took place under 
similar circumstances, 440 persons were taken sick with all the 
symptoms of typhoid fever. It is probable that in this case also 
the meat of a sick calf save rise to the disease .—Journal de 
Medecine. 
