204 
A. LIAUTARD 
vomer. The middle meatus bends itself backwards beyond the maxil¬ 
lary turbinate, and terminates into the posterior opening. 
The complicated disposition of the nasal cavities of the dog is in 
proportion to the development of the olfactory powers. 
SECTION 4 .—TIP OF THE NOSE. 
This region is, indeed, but a portion of the superior lip, which, 
from its special use and organization, deserves a peculiar notice. It 
represents a quadrilateral surface, slightly hollowed in its middle ; its 
exce.ssive mobility allows the animal to alter its form in many different 
ways; it is the true organ of feeling of the solipeds. 
The skin, covered with short, rough hairs, intermixed with others 
long, big, true tentacles, is-very adherent to the sub-muscular layer con¬ 
stituted by the middle anterior , the fibres of the small super-maxillo- 
nasalis * and of the pyramidalis. The terminal aponeurosis of the great 
super-maxillo-labialis f separate these fibres from the skin. 
I he tip of the nose is a part excessively rich with blood-vessels 
and nerves. 1 he arterial divisions are the superior coronary and infe- 
ii°r term ^ na l branches of the glosso-facial, with the Incisive artery formed 
by the anastomose of the two palatine arteries coming out of the incisive 
foramen. T he nerves cCme from the superior maxillary : they run in 
large fasciculi towards the tip of the nose, hence their divisions can be 
followed to the internal face of the skin where they lose themselves. 
No pait of the body possesses as much nerves as that region, and for 
this reason it is the most sensitive. Advantage being taken of that con¬ 
dition for the application of various means of restraint, which, by the 
Pam the Y inflict upon animals, stupify them and render them less sensi¬ 
tive to the performance of simple operations. 
SECTION 5 —SUPERIOR LABIAL REGION. 
It is formed by the superior lip, movable organ, circumscribing 
above the buccnal opening, having a certain thickness, extending in front 
and upon the sides of the incisive arch and covered by two teguments; 
one external the skin, the other internal the labial mucous membrane,’ 
between which are found muscles, blood vessels and nerves. 
4 he external surface of the superior lip is convex, covered with 
short and fine hairs, mixed up with long and coarse ones ; the internal 
face is concave, smooth, always lubricated with.secretio^ of the labial 
glands, whic h they pour over that portion of the mucous membrane. 
* Nasalis brevis labii superioris of Percivall. ~ ~ ' 
t Nasalis longus labii superioris of Percivall. 
