ANATOMY OF REGIONS. 
205 
The skin of the lip is strongly adherent to the muscles underneath. 
Below the skin one finds the terminal aponeurosis of the tendons of the 
two super-maxillo-labialis and muscles, two aponeurosis losing itself in 
the obsicularis ovis. 
The muscular layer between the teguments is formed by the superior 
portions of the orbicularis and the terminal insertion of the super- 
naso-labialis * and great super-maxillo-nasalis.f Between these muscles 
and the mucous, are found the muscular fasciculi, formed by the middle 
intermediate anterior muscle and a layer of yellowish small granules or 
glandular lobules, situated in the muscles or in the thickness of the 
mucous membrane. 
The blood-vessels are terminal branches of the superior coronary, 
anostomosing with the division of the incisive artery. 
The nerves are furnished through the facial to the muscles, by the 
superior maxillary to the skin and mucous membrane. 
Differences. —In bovines, the superior lip, called the muzzle, is 
less movable than in the horse ; it is thicker and wider. The anterior 
face is hairless, or presents only a few, very fine but with large bulbs. 
The skin, then, has a peculiar aspect; it is rough, as if covered with 
small warts. It is hollowed in different directions by small fissures 
upon which numerous little elevations are found ; these are pierced in 
their centre by a little orifice, excretory opening of racemous glands, 
secreting abundantly a peculiar liquid always found in health over that 
region ; and, therefore, where this is dry it is an important sign of sick¬ 
ness. The thickness of the glandular layer measures about one or one 
and a half centimeters.| Between tlie glands are seen masses of sudor¬ 
iparous glands and the voluminous bulbs of some hairs, these being al¬ 
ways accompanied with very large sebaceous glands. 
The superior lips of the goat and sheep is divided by a deep fissure 
into two parts. 
That of the pig but little distinct from the snout , ends by an ante¬ 
rior point. 
The lips* of carnivorous are hairy, and furnished with tentacles. 
There exists also, as in the goat, a vertical fissure. 
* Levator labii superiorly alverque nasi of PercivalL 
t Dilatator naris lateralis of Percivall. 
t From about half to three-quarters of an inch. 
