230 
A. LIAUTARD. 
nerve, which comes out under the parotido-auricular muscle to lodge 
itself in the jugular groove. 
The facial nerve runs through the parotid at its superior extremity; 
it comes out of the fallopian aqueduct, gives immediately the posterior 
and middle auricular nerve, both going towards the conqua, the first 
behind and the other in front; the nerve of the stylo hyoideus and of 
the digastricus, which runs downwards and forwards ; upon the middle 
of the region, the anterior auricular nerve, which, concealed in the thick¬ 
ness of the gland, runs upwards behind the temporo maxillary articula¬ 
tion. In front of this .last division rises the cervical nerve, whose course 
at the inferior and cervical part of the gland has already been mentioned. 
Then the facial nerve arrived upon the posterior border of the maxillary 
bone, where it meets the temporal branch furnished by the inferior 
maxillary nerve, it unites to it, and forms the sub-zygomatic plexus, which 
spreads itself over the surface of the cheek. All these nerves send 
branches to the parotid and guttural pouch. 
The deep nerves found in that region are, the pneumogastic, spinal, 
superior ganglion of the sympathetic, which rest on the posterior wall 
of the guttural pouch with the internal carotid, the great hypoglossus 
and glosso-pharyngeal nerves, which soon assume a course upon the 
external face of the pouch under the great branch of the hyoid bone and 
stylo-hyoideus muscle. 
Differences. —In the large ruminants , the parotid region is not so 
well defined as it is in the horse ; from the form and the spinal situation 
of the parotid it does not include all the portion which corresponds to 
the gland itself ; indeed, we see the parotid extending forward in a pe¬ 
culiar manner over the cheek; the skin thicker and looser than in the 
horse, forms often longitudinal folds. The parotid is of a darker color, 
is narrower, and its superior lobe extends forward over the surface of 
the masseter. The guttural pouch is missing in all animals other than 
the solipeds. 
The parotid of the sheep and goat is somewhat like that of the large ru¬ 
minants. The duct of Stenon rises about the middle of the anterior border. 
In the pig, the parotid spreads considerably posteriorly—its form is 
rounded. In the carnivorous this region is very small, and the gland 
parotid, which forms its base, is also very diminutive. 
All these animals are provided with two jugular veins—the external 
analogous, in general distribution, to that of the horse ; the occipital vein 
empties in the internal jugular. 
[to be continued.] 
