276 
F. S. BILLINGS. 
THE HISTOLOGY OF THE MAMMARY GLAND OF THE 
COW, AND THE PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF 
THE SAME BY PERLSUCHT.* 
By N. Kolessnikow, St. Petersburg. 
(Medical Student at the Pathological Institute in Berlin.) 
Translated from Virchow's Archiv ., Vol. 67, Part 4, P. 531. 
By F. S. Billings, of Boston, Mass. 
1 he mammary glands are constructed, as is known, on the type of 
.conglomerate glands. They possess lobule formed by the union of 
the alveolae, from which the ductus lactiferi proceed, the branches of 
which foim the excretory channels. Between the lobule and alveoloe we 
nna connective tissue in which vessels and nerves penetrate. 
The Giveolat have, during the process of lactation, a clovated form, 
their length being 0.105-0.180 m.m., and diameter 0.060-0.120 m.m. 
1 ne alveolae form cysts in which we recognize the secreting epithelium 
and. membiana piopria. I he epithelium which lines the inner surface 
of the membrana propria varies in different parts of the gland. That 
in the alveoloe being cylindrical and cupical in form, and from 0.012- 
G.Olo iii.m. m size, having a fine granular protoplasm with a large oval or 
round nucleus which is very refracting in the fresh preparations. But if 
the prepai ation be hardened 111 Muller’s fluid or alcohol, and stained 
with carmine or hematoxylin, there may be seen one or two nucleoli in 
tne nucleus. Under the epithelial layers may here and there be seen 
small, round subepithelial cells, sometimes pressed closely together, 
exactly corresponding to those forms described by Heidenhainf as a 
stiata 01 young epithelial cells (germ cells) in the submaxillary gland. 
In otaer lobule the alveolce possess a stratiform epithelium, the cells of 
which are polygonal in form. The innermost strata of these cells are 
the large si, and usually contain fat-globules. Beneath the inner layers 
of polygonal cells we find one or two rows of round subepithelial cells, 
varying from 0.003-0.006 m.m. in size. 
The fat-globules are formed by the contents of the alveoloe and are 
designated milk-corpuscles . Upon the membrana propria we occasion- 
Perlsucht is tne German name for the disease commonly termed “ tuberculosis but it is 
doubtful if this name is applicable, as will be seen from the following description. Therefore, for 
the want of a better, the German word is used in the translation. 
1 ' Strieker’s Handbuch d. Gewebelehr, vol. i., p. 310. 
