320 
A. LIAUTARD. 
It is one of the principal means of closing the jaws. Its fibres, covered 
by a handsome and strong nacreous aponeurosis, do not reach the pos¬ 
terior border of the orbital process of the frontal ; they have between 
them and the bone an empty space, partly filled by a thick adipous 
cushion, even in the leanest animal, which is easily displaced by the 
coronoid process during the motions of mastication. 
The base of the region is formed by the temporal bone, the parietal 
and the frontal. These bones are not very thick, and without sinuses. 
Blood vessels .—Only arteries of small size are found in that region. 
They are divisions of the temporal and anterior auricular arteries. The 
nerves are furnished by the anterior auricular, and the temporal. 
Differences .—The temporal region of the ox is found altogether 
upon the side of the head; it looks as if covered by the frontal, and ex¬ 
tends backwards to the horn. Well defined in the temporal fossa, this 
region presents only one small crotaphite muscle ; it is not covered by 
the zygomatico auricularis muscle, which is missing in those animals. In 
smaller species of animals the region extends a little more forward. 
In carnivorous it is quite developed, and the size of the muscles 
which belong to it is so great that the two regions unite together on the 
median line and form alone nearly the half of the anterior and lateral 
faces of the head. 
The temporal region of the pig is also very large. It holds, in di¬ 
mension, the middle between that of the horse and that of the car¬ 
nivorous. 
SECTION III.—TEMPORO MAXILLARY ARTICULATION. 
The importance of that region, and the frequency of its lesions, re¬ 
sulting of the projecting position it occupies upon the sides of the head, 
induce us to make of it a special region, independent of the surrounding 
parts with which it holds connections of contiguity only. 
The temporo maxillary articulation is recognized outwards by its 
projection, and specially by the touch, which, by touch, will easily 
exhibit under the skin all the bony parts of the skeleton which com¬ 
pose it. 
The posterior border of the articulation is found about two fingers’ 
breadth in front of the ear, from which it is separated by a hollow, 
partly filled during the motion of the jaws. Its inferior border rises 
above the cheek, on the same line as the extremity of the eyebrow ; the 
superior is bounded by the sharp edge of the zygomatic process. With 
the finger applied upon the region, one can recognize the transversal 
