I 
64 F. S. BILLINGS. 
lungs. Bruckmuller lias also treated them as an inflammatory 
process,under the name “jelly-like infiltration” (“gallertige infiltra¬ 
tion ”). By these processes the fluid elements, to a less extent 
the cellular, i. e ., the white blood cells, leave the blood vessels ; 
the cellular elements are probably desquamated alevolae epithelium. 
The alveolic epithelium desquamates in the same manner as the 
epithelium of a mucosa by a catarrh. Buhl therefore speaks of a 
“ desquamative pneumonia ,” and lays emphasis also on the inflam¬ 
matory participation of the exudative processes. All surface 
processes, when bound with a plentiful secretion, are designated as 
Catarrh , and as the mass contained in the alveolae is not alone 
made up of desquamated epithelial cells, but also of the products 
of inflammatory exudation, I consider the name “Pneumonia 
Catarrhalis ” more appropriate. Virchow, Bartels, Ziemssen, 
Steffen and others also designate the inflammatory processes in 
the lungs in question by the same name. 
Horses suffer almost exclusively on the eatarrhalic pneumonia, 
however, in combination with certain changes which I intend to 
consider in another article. However, every eatarrhalic pneu¬ 
monia by horses does not produce a gelatinous infiltration of the 
lungs, and it remains for us to investigate the further conditions 
under which this infiltration develops. 
Conditions to gelatinous infiltrations are : 
1. Atelectasis of the pulmonary tissues, i. <?., the lungs must be 
atelectatic before the inflammatory process begins. Bindfleish 
has called attention to this anticipatory condition of the lungs. 
The atelectatic part has a more homogeneous character, and 
when the alveolae of the same become filled with such a cellular 
fluid mass, it acquires the already mentioned gelatinous transparent 
character. The atelectatic parts become, on account of the inflam¬ 
mation, aedematous, and the masses contained in the alveolae, 
fluid and cells, form a sort of substitution for the air which is 
wanting. 
Atelectasis represents the lungs minus air; gelatinous infiltra¬ 
tion rests upon the replacement of the lost air by an inflammatory 
exudate; it is atelectasis plus inflammatory aedema. 
2. Further belongs to gelatinous infiltration, anaemia, or, in 
