206 
A. LAUTARD. 
noticeable in healthy conditions, it becomes, in some cases, and in 
a few hours, the seat of considerable serous effusion, for both 
lids, at such a degree that, not only the animal cannot raise them, 
but even the fingers of the observer failed to separate them. It 
is, then, in the layer of this connective tissue, that this infiltra¬ 
tion exists, the sphincter muscle being included in it also. Often 
this layer is thicker, double, even treble of its normal size, and 
the infiltration extends to the superciliary region. The same 
takes place for the sub cutaneous layer, but it is immediately on 
the conjunctiva that the infiltration takes place, which is easily 
detected by the color of the mucous membrane. 
6°. Under the fibrous layer, the cartilages and the connec¬ 
tive tissue, we find at the upper lid only the tendons of the ele¬ 
vator proper. This is nothing but a thin aponeurosis extending 
in the whole width of the lid, and attached to the adherent bor¬ 
der of the tarsus cartilage. 
7°. And when all these layers are removed, we have exposed 
the portions of the ocular mucous called palpebral conjunctiva, 
of which we will speak hereafter. 
8°. Blood vessels and nerves. The arteries going to the lids 
are numerous but small. The ophthalmic artery furnishes the 
superciliary which runs through the supra orbital foramen and 
ramifies specially in the upper lid, and the lacrymal artery carry¬ 
ing the blood to the gland of the same name, its ramifications 
going to the upper lid also. The orbital branch of the superior 
dental artery gives divisions to the inferior lid, lacrymal appara¬ 
tus, and membrana nictitans. The inferior lid receives also di¬ 
visions of the superior terminal branch of the glosso facial. 
Veins go to the angular of the eye, superior origin of the 
glosso-facial, and to the alveolar as it passes in the ocular 
sheath. 
Nerves rise from two sources, the sensitive branches from the 
ophthalmic branch of the fifth pair; the motor branches from the 
seventh pair through the intermedium of the anterior auricular 
nerve. 
The paralysis of the fifth pair removes the sensibility and the 
voluntary motions of the lids, but the reflex motions called wink- 
