American Veterinary Review, 
OCTOBER, 1878. 
ORIGINAL ARTICLES. 
THERMOMETRY OF THE DOMESTICATED ANIMALS, 
AND ITS USE IN VETERINARY MEDICINE. 
BY AUG. ZUNDEL. 
Translated from “ Vortrage fur Thierarzte.” Series I., Heft III., by 
Q. A. Banham, M.R.C. V.S. 
CONTINUED FKOM PAGE 240. 
The sex has also an influence on the temperature ; thus, by 
mares and cows, we find it 0.5° higher than by stallions and 
bulls; and the same holds good for sheep. During the catame¬ 
nial period in cows (bulling) the temperature has been observed 
higher than normal, and this being more marked in the vagina 
than in the rectum. Rueff observed an increase of about 0.3°. 
As we have already remarked, the temperature is increased in 
pregnant animals, especially in the vagina, which may be attribu¬ 
ted to the foetus being in close relations to these parts, since the 
foetus is about 0.2° to 0.5° warmer than the mother. 
By thoroughbreds , (or sanguinous animals), the temperature 
is always higher than that of low bred (or lymphatic) animals. 
Flemming says the difference is from 0.8° to 0.5°, the latter being 
the rule. 
Digestion raises the temperature of the body about 0.2° to 
