E>. M. FERRY & CO’S 
66 
weather. In warm climates, four or five cuttings are 
made during the season. It grows about one foot high; 
the roots are nearly black ; leaves long ; blossoms long, 
pointed, and of a very deep red, or carmine color. 
Makes good hay. Sow in April or May, eight pounds of 
seed per acre. 
White Dutch Clover, {Trifolium re pens). —- A 
small, creeping, spreading, perennial variety,with white, 
very fragrant blossoms. Its chief value is as a pasture 
grass, for which purpose it is as valuable as the larger 
varieties for hay or soiling. It accommodates itself to 
a variety’ of soils, but prefers moist ground. In con¬ 
junction with blue grass, it forms the most nutritious 
food for sheep or cows. Sow in spring, at the rate of 
six pounds per acre, or when used with other grasses, 
half that amount will be sufficient. 
Lucerne, or Alfalfa Clover, {Medicago sativa). 
This is perhaps the most valuable variety for permeable 
subsoils, consisting of loam, sand or gravel, as its roots 
penetrate to a great depth, far 
below the average of other plants. 
It is more difficult to establish the 
first year, requiring a fine, mel¬ 
low’ soil, but will then produce a 
profitable crop from five to twelve 
years. It yields a prodigious 
amount of green fooder for cattle, 
and should be cut when first com¬ 
mencing to bloom. It is no sooner 
cut than it pushes out fresh 
shoots, and the after-growth is 
something wonderful. In the 
dryest and most sultry weather, 
when every blade of grass with¬ 
ers, Lucerne is as fresh and green 
Lucerne Clover, as in spring, because the roots go 
down to the moisture in the ground. It may be cut and 
used green, or cut and used like ordinary clover hay. 
Although such a prodigious yicldcr, it docs not exhaust 
the soil, but rather improves it. It should not be sown 
on compact, clay soils, even with a light subsoil. It 
grows two to three feet high, and has purple blossoms. 
One of our customers writes us from Utah as follows: 
'* I have had years of experience, both here and in Cal¬ 
ifornia. We always sow broadcast, twenty-five pounds 
per acre ; the thicker it is sown the finer your hay will 
be. If it is planted thin, it stools out and the stalks are 
thick and not relished by stock. It requires no hoeing 
whatever when sown as above. We cut four crops a 
year, and its yield is enormous. The fall is the best 
time for sowing here—about the first of September. 
This gives it a good start, and it will stand the winter 
and do much better the following season than when 
sown in the spring. The above is my experience for 
fifteen years.” 
In some sections it is sown in the spring, in drills 
twelve inches apart. This process requires about eight 
pounds of seed per acre, and it can be hoed as soon as 
up, and after each cutting ; it will completely cover the 
ground. 
GRASS SEEDS. 
Timothy, {Phlcutu pralense ).—As a crop to cut for 
hay, this is probably unsurpassed by any grass in culti¬ 
vation. Thrives best on moist loamy soils of medium 
tenacity, and is not suited to light sandy or gravelly 
soils. It should be cut just as the blossom falls. Sow 
either in spring or fall, at the rate of twelve pounds per 
acre, if alone, but less if mixed with other grasses. 
Forty-five pounds per bushel. 
Orchard Grass, or Cock’s Foot, {Dactylis giom- 
Timothy. 
Orchard Grass. 
erata ).—One of the most valuable of pasture grasses, ora 
account of its quick growth and valuable aftermath. It 
is ready for grazing in spring two weeks sooner than 
most grasses, and when fed off is again ready for grazing 
in a week. It is palatable and nutritious, and stock eat 
it greedily when green. It stands a severe drought, 
keeping green when many grasses wither, and will en¬ 
dure considerable shade. It is less exhausting to the 
soil than timothy, and will grow more in one day, in 
summer, than timothy will in a week. When sown 
with clover, it makes excellent hay, as it blossoms at 
the same time, and they should be cut together. It has 
a tendency to grow in tufts, which can be prevented by 
close cropping. For grazing, it has no equal, and should 
be used more than it is. When sown alone, two bushels 
are required per acre ; if sown with clover, half that 
amount. It ought not to be sown 
alone, except for seed. It is per¬ 
ennial, and will last for years, but 
its habit of growth unfits it for 
lawns. Fburteen pounds per bushel- 
Red Top. 
Fowl Meadow. 
