D. M. Ferry <&. Cos Descriptive Catalogue. 
47 
they do not become dry before planting. As soon as the 
plants are up, they should be well cultivated, and every 
effort made to secure a vigorous growth the first season, 
and as soon as large enough, may be budded in the sum¬ 
mer or grafted in the spring. 
Cherry, mazzard.—This is the stock used for stand¬ 
ard trees. Success is much more certain if the seed is 
planted in the fall, as it is very difficult to keep it in 
good condition through winter. The general culture 
should be the same as for the apple, except that bud¬ 
ding should be employed instead of grafting. 
Cherry, mahaleb.—Used as stocks when dwarf trees 
are wanted. Culture same as the above. 
Pear.—Success will depend very largely upon having 
a deep y rich . moist soil , as this is essential to vigorous 
growth. Plant and cultivate like the apple,and bud when 
large enough. Every effort should be made to secure a 
rapid and vigorous growth from the first. 
Peach. —Plant three inches deep in nursery rows 
three feet apart, in the fall, or if delayed until spring, 
crack the pits and plant the kernels only. They should 
be large enough to bud the first season, and may be 
profitably set in orchards two years from planting. 
Quince.—Quinces generally produce the same variety 
from seed, but occasionally vary. The general culture, 
and requirements of soil are the same as for the pear, 
except that they are not budded. 
Forest Tree and Hedge 
Seeds. 
Few investments made by our farmers will return a 
larger profit in the course of a few years than the plant¬ 
ing of land now uncultivated, or cultivated at a loss, to 
forest trees. The time is coming, not only surely, but 
rapidly, when a few acres covered with our best forest 
trees will constitute a handsome fortune. Forests arc 
needed, not only for supplying us with timber, but for 
protection against winds and hurricanes. Grain fields 
and orchards are destroyed or parched by dry winds 
which were never known before the protecting forests 
were destroyed. The terrible cyclones so frequent in 
our Western States, and the beds of little streams in the 
East now long dried up, should admonish all who have 
a thought beyond the present, to the planting of forest 
trees. 
EVERGREEN TREE SEEDS. 
The seeds of evergreen trees should be kept till time 
of sowing in a dry, cool situation. As early in spring as 
the ground can he worked, the seeds should be sown 
thinly in beds of fine, sandy loam, raised about four 
inches above the general surface. The seeds can be 
raked in, or if very small, they may lie upon the surface 
and then be rolled in or patted with the back of the 
spade to firm the earth around the seeds. Then water 
very sparingly, and with a fine rose, as the young plants 
are very apt to damp off ; and need to be shaded from 
the hot sun and drying winds. A good shade can be 
made of laths nailed two inches apart to a light frame. 
This should be supported about eight inches above the 
seed bed in such a way as to be easily removed to allow 
cultivation and weeding. Keep the young plants well 
weeded, and allow them to remain one or two years be¬ 
fore transplanting where they are to remain. 
American ArborVitae.( Thuja occiderttalis ).—Grows 
to a small size, seldom over thirty feet high. Grows well 
under cultivation, and is one of the best for a hedge as 
a screen and wind break. If planted in exposed places, 
along the country roads, would prove effectual in pre¬ 
venting snow drifts. Its wood, which has an agreeable 
odor and is easily split, is very durable. It is best grown 
from seeds, which should be sown and the seedlings 
transplanted as directed above. They should be carefully 
watered when transplanted, and if a dry summer en¬ 
sues, watering should be continued until the plants are 
well rooted. 
Silver Fir, {Abies pectinata ).—An important timber 
tree, and grows to a large size. While the timber is 
softer and less durable than pine, it is not liable to warp 
or shrink, and is valuable for shingles, cabinet work, 
boat building, etc. When young, the trees are tender 
and easily injured by frost, but as it grows larger, it is 
entirely hardy. 
Hemlock {Tsuga Canadensis )—One of the most 
beautiful of our native evergreen trees. Of graceful 
habit with light, elegant and delicate foliage. The tim¬ 
ber is well known; coarse but strong. It is valuable for 
planks, bridge building, roof boards, etc., as it endures 
exposure to the weather for a long period. The bark is 
used to an immense extent for tanning leather. It re¬ 
quires a light, dry soil, and should never be planted on 
a stiff clay which will make the tree tender and liable to 
winter kill, though it is entirely hardy hundreds of miles 
north of our latitude. Planted singly or among decidu¬ 
ous trees, it is one of the most desirable varieties for 
ornamental planting. 
Scotch Pine, {Pinus sylvestris ) y —Very hardy, and 
growing surely and rapidly on nearly every variety of 
soil, forming a beautiful tree, and invaluable as a wind 
break. Prof. C. S. Sargent says: “ It is the most valu¬ 
able tree farmers can plant for screens and wind breaks 
about their fields and buildings.” 
White,or Weymouth Pine {Pinus Strobus ).—The 
most majestic and valuable of all our native pines, and 
has furnished immense quantities of the white pine lum¬ 
ber so well known throughout the country, It thrives 
best in a light sand with clay subsoil, and prefers plains 
and broad river valleys to higher lands. Except on high 
limestone soils, it should be planted largely where pine 
lumber is wanted. 
Norway Spruce (Abies excelsa) — Well known as 
one of our most beautiful evergreen trees. It is hardy, 
of rapid growth, and forms a dense, close screen, or 
hedge. About 20,000 seeds to the pound. 
DECIDUOi'S 'TRICK SEEDS. 
With the seeds of deciduous trees, only a little care is 
required in sowing at the proper season to insure suc¬ 
cess. Those with hard shells like the locusts and haw¬ 
thorn should be planted in the fall or placed in boxes 
with sand and exposed to frost before planting, other¬ 
wise they may lie in the ground from one to three years 
without sprouting. If too late in spring to expose them 
to the action of frost, pour boiling water over the seeds 
and let it stand till cool, when a portion of the seeds will 
have swollen; pick these out and scald the rest again, 
continuing until all have swollen. 
The seeds of the other deciduous trees on our list 
should be planted from the middle of April to the mid¬ 
dle of May, in drills about two feet apart, and covered 
to the proper depth; about twice the diameter of the seed. 
White Ash (Fraxinus Americana ).—Requires a 
moist, deep soil, on which it will grow very rapidly. It 
deserves especial attention from those who wish to grow 
trees for timber, because its wood is very light, strong, 
elastic and durable, and is without an equal for making 
fork and rake handies and many other agricultural im¬ 
plements, besides being largely employed in carriage 
building, cooperage, and ornamental carpenter work. 
Succeeds best from seeds,which should be planted where 
the trees are to stand, like corn, but not over an inch in 
depth. When grown singly it is very ornamental, form¬ 
ing a large, round head. 
European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior). — Succeeds 
best in rather a warm climate ; thrives upon the plains 
