INDEX. 
501 
STRUCTURE. 
Structure, degrees of utility of, 201. 
Struggle for existence, 60. 
Succession, geological, 312. 
Succession of types in same areas, 338. 
Swallow, one species supplanting an¬ 
other, 76. 
Swim-bladder, 190. 
System, natural, 413, 
T. 
Tail of giraffe, 195. 
- of aquatic animals, 196. 
-, rudimentary, 454. 
Tarsi deficient, 135. 
Tausch on umbelliferous flowers, 146. 
Teeth and hair correlated, 144. 
-, embryonic, traces of, in birds, 
450. 
-, rudimentary, in embryonic calf, 
450, 480. 
Tegetmeier, Mr., on cells of bees, 228, 
233. 
Temminck on distribution aiding classi¬ 
fication, 419. 
Thouin on giafts, 262. 
Thrush, aquatic species of, 185. 
-, mocking, of the Galapagos, 402. 
-, young of, spotted, 439. 
-, nest of, 243. 
Thuret, M., on crossed fuci, 258. 
Thwaites, Mr., on acclimatisation, 140. 
Tierra del Fuego, dogs of, 215. 
-, plants of, 374, 378. 
Timber-drift, 360. 
Time, lapse of, 282. 
Titmouse, 184. 
Toads on islands, 393. 
Tobacco, crossed varieties of, 271. 
Tomes, Mr., on the distribution of bats, 
395. 
Transitions in varieties rare, 172. 
Trees on islands belong to peculiar 
orders, 392. 
-with separated sexes, 99. 
Trifolium pratense, 73, 94. 
-incarnatum, 94. 
Trigonia, 321. 
Trilobites, 307. 
-, sudden extinction of, 321. 
Troglodytes, 243. 
Tucntucu, blind, 137. 
VIOLA. 
Tumbler pigeons, habits of, hereditary, 
214. 
-, young of, 446. 
Turkey-cock, brush of hair on breast, 
90. 
Turkey, naked skin on head, 197. 
——, young, wild, 216. 
Turnip and cabbage, analogous variations 
of, 159. 
Type, unity of, 206. 
Types, succession of, in same areas, 339, 
tJ. 
Udders enlarged by use, 11. 
-, rudimentary, 451. 
Ulex, young leaves of, 439. 
Umbelliferae, outer and inner florets of, 
144. 
Unity of type, 206. 
Use, effects of, under domestication, 11. 
-, effects of, in a state of nature, 
134. 
Utility, how far important in the con¬ 
struction of each part, 199. 
V. 
Valenciennes on fresh-water fish, 384. 
Variability of mongrels and hybrids, 
274. 
Variation under domestication, 7. 
- caused by reproductive system 
being affected by conditions of life, 8. 
-under nature, 44. 
-, laws of, 131. 
Variations appear at corresponding ages, 
14, 86. 
-, analogous in distinct species, 
159. 
Varieties, natural, 44. 
“—■, struggle between, 75. 
-, domestic, extinction of, 111. 
——, transitional, rarity of, 172. 
-, when crossed, fertile, 268. 
-when crossed, sterile, 269, 
•-, classification of, 423. 
Verbascum, sterility of, 251. 
-, varieties of, crossed, 271. 
Verneuil, M. de, on the succession of 
species, 325. 
Viola tricolor, 73. 
