THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, October 30, 1860. 67 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
Day 
Day 
Weather near London in 1859. 
Moon 
of 
M’nth 
of 
Week. 
OCT. 30—NOV. 5, I860. 
Barometer. 
Tliermom. 
Wind. 
Rain in 
Indies. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Rises 
and Sets 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
afterSun 
Day of 
Year. 
1 
30 
Tv 
Rooks return to nests. 
29.520—29.006 
deg. deg. 
48—38 
S. 
•24 
m. h. 
53 af 6 
m. h. 
35 af 4 
m. 
22 
h. 
a. 4 
16 
III. 
16 
s. 
14 
304 
31 
W 
Elm leaves fall. 
29.306—28.800 
57—43 
E. 
— 
54 6 
33 4 
53 
4 
17 
16 
16 
305 
1 
Th 
All Saints. 
29.204—28.714 
58-43 
s.w. 
•20 
56 6 
31 4 
34 
5 
18 
16 
18 
30G 
2 
F 
Sycamore leafless. 
29.778-29.659 
55-31 
s.w. 
•05 
58 6 
30 4 
27 
6 
19 
16 
18 
307 
3 
S 
Plane leaves fall. 
29.714—29.572 
55—33 
w. 
•13 
VII. 
28 4 
33 
7 
20 
16 
18 
308 
4 
Son 
22 Sunday after Trinity. 
29.227—29.000 
56—38 
s. 
•23 
1 7 
26 4 
49 
8 
21 
16 
17 
309 
5 
M 
Gunpowder Plot, 1605. 
29.406-29.262 
58-49 
s.w. 
•62 
3 7 
24 4 
10 
10 
22 
16 
15 
310 
Meteorology of the Week.— At Chiswick, from observations during the last thirty-four years, the average highest and lowest 
temperatures of these days are 53.6 3 and 38 3 respectively. The greatest heat, 67°, occurred on the 30th, in 1854; and the lowest cold, 20 J , 
on the 3rd, in 1845. During the period 117 days were fine, and on 114 rain fell. 
WORK FOR THE WEEK. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Proceed with, sucli operations as draining where re¬ 
quired, laying Box-edgings, gravelling walks, and tlie 
trencliing of all spare ground. Beans (Broad), a few 
Mazagans may be planted in soils and situations favour¬ 
able to vegetation in winter, either to remain where they 
are planted, or on a sheltered border for transplanting 
early in the spring. Cabbages , vacancies in the main 
plantations to be filled up immediately. Carrots, the 
whole of the principal crop to be taken up, and allowed 
to dry before they are stored away in sand. Cauliflowers, 
remove the dead leaves from the plants in frames or under 
hand-lights ; stir and sprinkle the surface of the soilVith 
quick lime, all vacancies to be filled up, air to be given 
freely every fine day. Celery, continue to earth up while 
the weather is favourable. If severe frost should set in 
some long litter to be laid over the most forward crops. 
Endive, when quite dry tie up a quantity for blanching, 
it could then be more easily removed to a pit, or frame, 
when a severe frost sets in. Onions, handweed the 
autumn sowing, and slightly hoe the ground about them. 
Peas, a sowing of some early sort may be made, as 
advised for Broad Beans. Shallots and Garlic, plant in 
light and dry soils. If heavy and damp defer the opera¬ 
tion to February. 
FLOWER GARDEN. 
If a gay spring garden is required, no time should be 
lost in planting a good stock of bulbs and the other 
plants as lately recommended, to give a variety and a 
pleasing effect. Chrysanthemums against walls to have 
their shoots closely tacked to, and some slight protection 
to be in readiness to save them from frost. Pansies may 
still be planted out while the weather is favourable. 
Standard Roses to be looked over, and all long shoots to 
•be shortened merely for the purpose of abating the power 
of boisterous winds upon their rampant overgrown heads. 
Collect Fern or any other such material, for covering all 
sorts of half-hardy trees and shrubs against severe 
weather; but the operation of covering to be postponed 
as long as it is consistent with the safety of the plants. 
Clip and weed Box-edgings, and sweep gravel walks 
frequently to prevent leaves from staining the gravel. 
Proceed with planting ornamental trees and shrubs, and 
with new ground work. 
FRUIT GARDEN. 
When Peach and Nectarine trees begin to drop their 
leaves, it is advisable to touch them over lightly with a 
fine-twigged broom, commencing at the bottom and 
moving it gently towards the extremities of the branches. 
i The removal of such leaves that are now incapable of 
elaborating sap, tends to improve the condition of the 
tree by exposing the branches to the sun and air; and, 
consequently, they become more ripened and better pre¬ 
pared to withstand the severity of winter. Preparations 
should now be made for filling up all vacancies on walls. 
Instead of making a hole merely large enough to receive 
No. 631.—Vor,. XXY. No. 5. 
the roots, it is necessary to trench the border to its full 
width in front of the vacancy, and on the right and left 
as far as can be done without interfering with the roots 
of the adjoining trees. If the soil is exhausted by the 
roots of the former trees that it supports, it should be 
replaced with fresh soil entirely or in part, as circum¬ 
stances may allow. 
STOVE. 
The weather lately has been favourable for ripening the 
succulent shoots of free-growing plants, when opportunity 
offers, therefore, do all you can to ripen the young wood, 
for it is only by so doing that you can expect to get well 
through the winter. Place all flowering plants in con¬ 
spicuous situations. You may now allow the temperature 
to decline at night to 60°. 
GREENHOUSE AND CONSERVATORY. 
Air to be admitted on all favourable occasions, as it 
will not now produce the withering effects upon the 
foliage that such an exposure would do in spring, to shut 
them up closely after being recently so fully exposed, 
would induce growth and produce disease. Cinerarias, 
if intended to bloom in early spring, to receive their final 
shift. Pelargoniums to be placed pretty close to the 
glass to prevent elongation, the principal shoots to be 
pegged out at regular distances, and the superfluous ones 
removed. Green fly to be kept down. 
PITS AND FRAMES. 
See that the Mignonette has a very light situation, 
either plunged close to the glass at the back of a frame 
free from damp, or on the top shelf near the glass in 
the greenhouse. Cuttings that are not struck to receive 
a gentle bottom heat. Keep as many cuttings in store 
pots as possible for potting off next spring. Put in 
cuttings of Calceolarias, they strike freely now if inserted 
in some light, sandy soil, in a cold frame or under hand- 
lights, to be protected from frost. Provide straw shutters 
or whatever else it may be intended to use for covering, 
1 that they may be in readiness to protect the plants from 
frosts. The plants to be exposed to air on every favour¬ 
able opportunity, to check growth and to get the wood 
firm. Water to be withheld until it is absolutely neces¬ 
sary, and then to give but a moderate supply. Yerbenas 
in store pots and growing freely to have their tops 
pinched off; the same with Petunias and other such free- 
growing cuttings. Give all the air possible even at night 
when mild. W. Keane. 
THE CRYSTAL PALACE SCARLET GERANIUM, 
TROP2EOLUM ELEGANS AND STAMFORDIANUM, AND 
NEW VARIETIES. 
I am so pointedly cross-examined in the last No. of 
The Cottage Gardener, at page 46, by a correspondent 
from Pilsby Nurseries, near Clay Cross, about the Crystal 
Palace Scarlet Geranium, that I cannot refuse to answer. 
In the first place, he is too hard upon “ A. P. W.” 
All that he says is, no doubt, quite true: he is only 
