THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, November 20, 1860. SO 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
Day 
! of 
|M’nth 
Day 
of 
Week. 
Weather near London in 1859. 
Moon 
NOYEMBER 20—20, I860. 
Barometer. 
Thermom. 
Wind. 
Rain in 
Inches. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Rises 
and Sets 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
afterSun 
Day of 
Year. 
20 
To 
Waxen chatterer comes. 
30.055—29.844 
deg. deg. 
43—26 
N.W. 
m. h. 
29 af 7 
m. h. 
2 af 4 
m. h. 
59 11 
5 
m. s. 
14 5 
325 
21 
W 
Princess Fred. Wi. born, 1840. 
29.771—29.715 
53—26 
S.E. 
— 
31 7 
1 4 
morn. 
8 
13 49 
326 
22 
Th 
Sun’s declin. 20° 1G's. 
29.930—29.899 
48-40 
S E. 
— 
33 7 
0 4 
58 
0 
9 
13 33 
327 
! 23 
F 
Grey wagtail como3. 
30.007—29.943 
47—37 
S.E. 
•02 
34 7 
III. 
6 2 
10 
13 16 
328 
24 
S 
Peach leafless. 
29.959—29.905 
52-40 
E. 
— 
36 7 
58 3 
14 
3 
11 
12 59 
329 
25 
Sun 
25 Sunday after Trinity. 
29.920—29.884 
45—36 
E. 
— 
38 7 
57 3 
24 
4 
12 
12 40 
330 
26 
m 
Oak leafless. 
29.823—29.560 
54-38 
S. 
•26 
39 7 
56 3 
35 
5 
12 
12 21 
331 
Meteorology of tiie Week. — At Chiswick, from observations during the last thirty-four years, the average highest and lowest 
temperatures of these days are 47.7° and 34.5° respectively. The greatest heat, 59’, occurred on the 21st, in 1833 ; and the lowest cold, 9°, 
on the 23rd, in 1858. During the period 120 days were fine, and on 111 rain fell. 
WORK FOR THE WEEK. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Asparagus, another bed to be prepared about tbe end 
-of tbe week, if a succession is required. Tbe frame when 
planted may remain covered up night and day during 
cold weather until tbe beads begin to appear. Celery, 
it is advisable to take advantage of every favourable 
opportunity, to earth up all that require it. If done 
when wet it will afterwards rot in a very short time. 
Herb-beds, if they are not yet cleaned and done up for tbe 
winter, they should be attended to without delay ; lay a 
slight coat of rotten dung over them, to prevent tbe roots 
from severe frost and to enrich tbe soil. Lettuce, tbe 
•cabbage varieties, in frames, intended for winter use, will 
not require much air if tbe soil is light and dry. If they 
require a little water, give it to each separately from a 
watering-pot without a rose. Sea-lcale and Rhubarb, 
when there are no pits adapted for forcing them, let a 
quantity of each be covered over with pots, wooden 
boxes, or hooped over with rods and fermenting materials 
placed round them. Leaves are preferable to any other, 
but where there is not a sufficient quantity to produce a 
gentle heat, some warm dung may be mixed with them. 
If only leaves are used they will require to be covered 
with some long dung to prevent them from being blown 
about the garden by the wind. Before covering them a 
little leaf mould, tan, or cinder dust, should be placed 
over the crowns of the plants. Spinach, when gathering 
the leaves avoid treading on the beds as much as possible. 
If the ground becomes consolidated, it should be loosened 
up with a fork. Stir the surface of the soil on dry days 
among growing crops, as Cabbage, Spinach, &c. Get all 
vacant ground manured, trenched, and ridged up as 
quickly as possible in order that it may be exposed to 
the influence of the winter. 
FRUIT GARDEN. 
When trees are infested with moss or lichen, dredge 
them well in dull, moist weather with soot and dry wood- 
ashes, a few dressings will remove these pests. Fig trees 
should have dry fern leaves or spruce boughs nailed over 
them, to prevent injury from frost, or to unnail the 
branches from the walls, to tie them in bundles, and to 
bind thick haybands around them from bottom to top. 
Let all superfluous nails be drawn from wall trees, and 
proceed at every favourable opportunity with pruning 
and nailing. Some gardeners postpone the pruning of 
trees on a south wall to the end of January, as by pruning 
them now they consider that the buds are apt to become 
unseasonably excited. 
FLOWER GARDEN. 
We again advise all who either intend or have com¬ 
menced alterations and improvements, to lose no time in 
getting on with the work, as a more delightful season for 
performing these operations coidd not be desired. The 
present is also a favourable time for taking up and plant¬ 
ing Box-edgings, and for correcting any uneven places 
on the lawns or pleasure-grounds, by taking up the turf 
No. 634.— Yol. XXV. No. 8. 
and relaying it. Remove all leaves and rubbish to a 
convenient spot out of sight to decompose. Fuchsias 
and other choice plants in the borders intended to be pro¬ 
tected for the winter by slightly covering them, &c., should 
be seen to at once. Take up and store Marvel of Peru, 
Dahlias, Salvia patens, if not already done, and finish 
planting bulbs and Anemones. Take up the roots of 
Lobelia ignea, splendens, propinqua, fulgens, &c., and 
store them in a frame or in boxes, filled in with earth to 
be protected during the winter, and to be parted in the 
spring. 
GREENHOUSE AND CONSERVATORY. 
Cut back or closely tie in the summer-flowering twiners, 
so as to afford the plants underneath every possible ray 
of light. The directions lately given will for the present 
suffice, only be careful to keep out frost, and, if possible, 
without the use of fire heat. 
FORCING-PIT. 
The pots of plants lately recommended for forcing, to 
be plunged in tan, leaves, or any other fermenting 
material that will produce a gentle, kindly bottom heat, 
the plants to be syringed occasionally on fine mornings 
with tepid water. Fire heat to be applied principally in 
the daytime, and at night very cautiously or not at all, 
according to the state of the external atmosphere. The 
pit to be shut up early, and frequent but moderate fumi¬ 
gations of tobacco smoke to be given to destroy the 
green fly. 
PITS AND FRAMES. 
In fine weather when the lights are off, look carefully 
over all the free-growing plants, and pinch off the tops 
of the shoots, to keep them dwarf and bushy; also, 
remove dead leaves, give air night and day while the 
weather is mild, keeping the plants moderately dry at 
their roots. Cuttings, put in late to be sorted, tlie rooted 
cuttings to be removed to some place where they would 
have more air to harden them off, and those not rooted 
to be returned to heat until they have rooted. 
W. Keane. 
CHRYSANTHEMUM SHOW AT THE CRYSTAL 
PALACE.— 15th November, 1860. 
Ten days at least too soon for this late season : neither 
here nor at Stoke Newington this week could the Chry¬ 
santhemums be got up to the usual strength of numbers. 
None but the very early kinds were fully out ; but the 
season does not seem to have hurt the flowers in the 
smallest degree. 
In the collections of cut flowers one could see many of 
the kinds much below the usual size ; but that must have 
been from cutting them from plants just coming into 
bloom ; the large early kinds were as good as they have 
ever been—such as the Queen of England, Yellow Queen 
of England, Beauty, Alfred Salter, Princess Marie,Dupont 
de l’Eure, Novelty, and Aregina : of these Novelty is the 
largest of them all, and the largest of the whole family, 
supposing tliem to be up to time. I have seen Themis, 
