256 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, Januaey 29, 1861. 
life, and we cannot but feel that there was something prophetic'of 
his own departure when in the preliminary chapter he describes 
the squire’s deathbed scene. “ He gently waved his hand in 
farewell to us all, and immediately, his countenance assuming a 
look of reverent surprise, departed for a better world.” As one 
looks on the life and death of such a man, however we may differ 
on some points, knowing his love to his Saviour, may we all 
say, as it is recorded that a Romish priest once said, as standing 
by the open grave, when in a period of wars and tumults they 
were committing to its resting place the body of the saintly 
Bedell, Bishop of Kilmore, “ Oh, sit anima mea cum eo!” or, in 
the words of The Book, “ May my latter end be like his.”—D. 
LISTS OF CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
Mb. Beaton asks, in The Cottage Gaedenee of the 11th 
of December, for a list of twelve best late varieties of large 
Chrysanthemums. I now offer a list of a few late and early 
sorts, all incurved and fine show varieties. Those twenty-four 
varieties exhibitors never should be without. 
Twelve Late Soets. 
1. Aregina, amaranth. 
2. General Hardinge, Indian red 
and gold. 
3. Nonpareil, rosy lilac. 
4. Pictorum roseum, dark rosy sal¬ 
mon. 
5. Yellow Perfection, golden yellow. 
(This flower is far superior to 
piutuso; 
6 . Beauty, peach blush. 
7. King, light peach. 
8 . Themis, fine rose. 
9. Plutus, fine golden yellow. 
10. Two-coloured Incurved, orange 
and salmon. 
11. Dupont de l’Eure, orange and 
carmine. 
12. Fabius, orange and salmon. 
Twelve Eaely Soets, all incurved, and splendid show-flowers. 
1. Queen of England, fine blush. 
(One of the finest flowers ever 
known ; and I hope to show a 
fine stand of it at the Royal 
Horticultural Society’s Exhi¬ 
bition early in Nov. next.) 
2. Alfred Salter, delicate pink. (A 
most beautiful flower, and 
companion to the Queen.) 
3. Formosum, pale sulphur. 
4. Novelty, a French white. (This 
is acknowledged to be the 
finest flower ever sent out.) 
5. Yellow Formosum. 
6 . Princess Mane, fine rose. 
7. Stellaris Globosa, carmine, crim¬ 
son and white. 
8 . Cassandra, mottled white. (Very 
fine.) 
9. Madame Lebois, delicate pink. 
10. Hermione, blush tipped with 
purple. 
11. Pio Nono, Indian red and gold. 
12. Mareschal Duroc, fine rose. 
A Few Soets that Make Fine Specimen Plants. 
1. Alma, rosy purple. (Very fine.) 
2. Bouquet des Fleurs, red and 
crimson. 
3. Plutus, golden yellow. 
4. Comet, bronze, gold, and orange. 
5. Clipper, carmine and gold. 
6 . Dr. Maclean, rosy purple. 
7. Progne, violet carmine. 
8 . Julie Lagravdre, dark velvety 
crimson. 
9. Prince Albert, bright crimson. 
10. Madame Poggi, dark crimson. 
11. Vesta, white. (Very fine.) 
12. Beautd du Nord, rosy crimson. 
13. Christine, peach. 
14. Golden Christine. 
15. Madame Cammerson, crimson 
and gold. 
IB. Cloth of Gold. 
I have had the following sorts in bloom throughout December 
and part of January. 
Alma, rosy purple. (Very fine.) Julie Lagravdre, dark velvety crim- 
Wonderful, carmine and crimson. son. 
Bouquet des Fleurs, red and crim- Elizabeth, pure white. (This flower 
son. is now in bloom, and I shall gather 
Progne, violet carmine. five or six dozen flowers on Friday 
Themis, fine rose. next.) 
—J. H. Bied, F.R.H.S. 
HINTS TO GARDENERS. 
(Continued from page 240.) 
In my former paper I hinted that it would he wise if head 
gardeners would not take so many young men to train them for 
becoming head gardeners ; and, also, that it would be advisable, 
in the overstocked market, if a part of the present race of 
gardeners were to emigrate to suitable countries, in order both 
to improve their own prospects of obtaining a livelihood and 
storing up something for old age or a rainy day, and by so 
doing to mend the position and prospects of those left at home. 
I hinted at those two ways of improving the condition of my 
brethren, and propose now to consider a third way—viz., that of 
changing their trade or profession, and adopting some other that 
is, perhaps, better paid, or, at least, not so overstocked as that 
of gardening. Now, it strikes me that farming is a business that 
any clever gardener might enter upon with every prospect of 
succeeding therein ; for gardening in the open ground is farming 
on a small scale, and a man that thoroughly understands how to 
make the most of a garden will easily enter into, and carry out 
well, the larger and more extensive operations of the farm. He 
fully believes in the necessity and great value of rotation crops, 
the use of fertilisers suitable for the various products and various 
soils of the farm, the best modes of sowing seeds, and the giving 
to each plant its fair share of nutriment and space so as to give 
the greatest yield. He will understand the great injury that 
accrues to the farm from allowing weeds to produce seeds, not 
only amongst the crops, but also from waste headlands or hedge¬ 
rows. He will avoid the great evil of allowing hedgerow timber 
to shade the ground too much; and will improve the hedges 
themselves, either by replanting where they are bad, or keeping 
such as are tolerable in good order. The only difficulty he 
would encounter would be that of managing stock—that is, 
cattle; but even that his orderly mind would soon learn. 
Taking these hints into consideration, I think we may come to 
a conclusion that a gardener would very soon make an excellent 
farmer: indeed, there are many gardeners who at the present 
day combine the two pursuits, and are now gardeners and farm 
bailiffs. I for one, however, think this arrangement is not 
quite the thing ; it would be much better for bctli departments 
if they were kept distinct. 
Then, again, a gardener is a very proper person to be employed 
in forestcraft—that is, the forming, planting, and after manage¬ 
ment of timber trees. He would be quite up to the mark in 
respect to understanding the right kinds of trees to plant in 
different soils and situations. By exercising the knowledge 
acquired in the garden he would avoid the many mistakes that 
have been, and indeed now are, happening in the forest lands of 
this empire: he would, indeed, train up a timber tree in the 
way it should go in order to become straight, firm, and good in 
the least time and space possible. This is a large field and now 
open, or, if not, it ought to be thrown open to such gardeners 
as are now out of situations; though I am sorry to say that 
too many proprietors of woods have the idea that any labourer 
of steady habits is fit to be made a forester—just as if it did not 
require as much knowledge to grow a good Oak, Ash, or Elm 
as it does to grow an Apple, a Pear, or a Peach tree. Place 
an intelligent gardener in a traet of woodland, with a sufficient 
number of labourers to assist him, he would ston make a great 
and visible improvement. In planting fr#sh ground he would 
first of all drain it well, if needful; then he would plant the 
right sort of trees in the right place, and he would plant them 
in such a manner as to insure rapid growth consistent with 
strength; and in due time he would attend to the best and 
earliest mode of pruning; and lastly, he would take care that 
they were thinned in time, keeping down underwood and'weeds. 
Then, in the case of old neglected woods, he would direct his 
energies to bring them round into a thriving condition by 
draining, felling, and stubbing up old worthless trees, or cutting 
over such as were likely to send up young straight stools, to be 
thinned to one or two of the best to form trees of improved 
quality. Also, where fresh young trees can he planted, he would 
have good, wide, deep holes made early in autumn, and as soon, 
as possible would procure healthy young trees to plant in them. 
By this judicious management, well followed up with thinning 
and pruning, an old, useless, ugly piece of forest would be 
thoroughly renovated, and would in time repay for the outlay. 
Now, many of the forest lands belonging to the Crown are, 
or have been, in a had state, and need a dozen or two gardeners 
placed over them to bring them into such a condition as would 
lead to the production of good sound timber for ship-building 
purposes—timber that would not decay like that used for the 
gunboats now condemned at Chatham or elsewhere. 
Another change that might suit a gardener is that of becoming 
a foreman over a gang of navvies forming new railways. Such 
men, educated as they generally are, would he invaluable to 
large contractors. Educated men for such a purpose are far 
from being plentiful; and as railways are greatly on t he increase, 
there can be but little fear that many gardeners now out of place 
would be employed if their wants and value were more known. 
It is true that many gardeners have become foremen in 
nurseries and market gardens, some few curators of public 
gardens and parks; but I do not consider such men as having 
changed their profession—they are still gardeners, but have 
devoted themselves to particular branches of the business. Some 
few have saved money, and have commenced business as nursery, 
seedsmen, or market-gardeners. Such men have my hearty good 
wishes— I trust they will all do well.—T. Appleby. 
(To be continued.) 
