303 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, February 19, 1861. 
Roses which are trimmed in with shears as our Quick hedges. 
They are now making fresh shoots, and with the numerous ram¬ 
pant Banksian kinds will soon be in full dower. 
As to Horticulture. The markets are well supplied with 
xegetables, Greens of all sorts, Turnips, Radishes, Salsafy, 
Broccoli (now very plentiful), Artichokes, Celery, Lettuces, and 
also new Potatoes from the open ground. Oranges abundant, 
and now ripe, are sold at 2 d. a dozen. One tree alone is com¬ 
puted to have 2000 upon it. It is usual to sell the fruit on 
the tree, so that the purchaser can pick it at pleasure. The 
numerous walks through the Orango gardens, many of them 
open to the public, are delightful. 
As to Wild Floivers. As the spring is now rapidly advancing 
they are becoming very numerous, amongst them may be men¬ 
tioned the single blue Hepatica (triloba), Anemone (pink, 
blue and scarlet), hortensis, cyana, coronaria, &c., Narcissus 
(of various sorts), and the pretty Crocus meridionalis, which is 
plentiful on the mountains, with the large showy Almond 
(Amygdalus communis grandidora rosea).— Edward Copland, 
21, Promenade des Anglais , Nice. 
THE LITTLE MARKET-GARDENER; 
OR, 
HOW TO CTXLTIYATE AN ACRE OE LAND WHEN PROFIT IS 
THE CHIEF AIM, AND SHOWING HOW A FAMILY MAY 
BE SUPPORTED AND SOMETHING PITT BY FOR A RAINY 
DAY. 
{Continued from page 286.) 
CABBAGES. 
As soon as you have dnished planting the Gooseberry and 
Currant bushes, mark out six rods of the lowest and stiffest 
part of the garden, if the soil be sandy or gravelly; but if the 
soil be clayey, almost any part of the garden will do for Cab¬ 
bages. Have three tons of good manure dug in deep and well; 
then look out for some good-sized and good-rooted plants. I 
have read about market-gardeners planting them 1 foot from 
row to row and 9 inches from each other in the row, and cutting 
every other row, and every other plant in the remaining row, 
for what they call Coleworts. Those that were left would then 
be 2 feet from row to row and 18 inches from each other in the 
row, to grow for the main crop of Cabbages. 
These Coleworts may, perhaps, sell well about London or 
other large towns, but they will not pay me to plant them in 
that way. In the drst place I cannot sell them at all, and in 
the next place I can mostly sell the plants at 2d. per score; 
and besides, if I could sell them well, I would sooner cut them j 
all, and plant a crop of something else on the land ; for I never 
found those that were left do so well as those that were planted 
the right distance at first. I used to plant mine 2 feet from 
row to row and 18 inches from each other in the row ; but I 
have a new-fashioned way of planting them now, which makes 
the old way look very silly. I plant them 17| inches from row 
to row and 20 inches from each other in the row, so that they 
are exactly 20 inches from each other every way; and in the 
same way I plant everything else that is planted in continued 
rows, unless it be the Potatoes—at least, everything that is 
called a plant or a tree. 
To know the right distance from row to row according to the 
distance from plant to plant (if you intend to plant in this way), 
you must fix upon the distance from plant to plant; then divide 
that distance into four parts, then three of those parts and a 
half will be the right distance from row to row. For instance : 
If I were going to plant an orchard, and was ordered to plant 
the trees 8 yards apart, I should plant them 8 yards from tree 
to tree and 7 yards from row to row, they would then stand 
exactly 8 yards from each other every way. Of course you 
must understand they are to be planted in triangular, or quincunx 
order, thus—. • . • . • 
You will find upon calculation that by planting Cabbages in 
the old way one rod will hold sixteen dozen—namely, twelve 
rows, and sixteen in each row. By the new way you will find 
that a rod will hold eighteen dozen and a half—namely, sixteen 
rows, and fourteen in each row. 
I always reckon to sell my Cabbages one-half at 1 d. each, and 
the other half at two for 1 \d., and I always try to get most of 
them sold before the young Potatoes are ready. 
EARLY PEAS. 
As soon as you have planted your Cabbages it will be time to 
think about the Peas. Mark out six rods of land, I do not care 
what sort it is ; dig three tons of good rotten manure into that 
space deep and well, and you need not fear but you will have a 
crop of Peas if you will plant the right sort at the right time, 
and plant them where they can have plenty of fresh air. 
I know I shall catch it for saying this ; but I do not care if I 
do, my advice is to market-gardeners, not to gentlemen’s 
gardeners. 
If you have plenty of sticks without buying, you may plant 
them 4 feet from row to row ; but if you have no sticks without 
buying, trench them in like Potatoes, only do not put them in 
quite so deep, and let them be 18 inches from row to row, and 
be sure you do not have the land dug until you are quite ready 
to sow the Peas. I sow mine as I go on, so that I never tread 
upon the land, whether it be light or stiff land, after it is dug. 
The best early Pea that I have grown for market is the 
Emperor. There may be better Peas, but I have not grown 
them. 
I always reckon to sell my first gathering of Peas at 2s. per 
peck. In looking over my books I find that I began in 1859, 
June 21st, and in 1860, June 30th. 
RADISHES. 
Now mark out one rod and a half of your very best land that 
will do to prick out Celery upon. Never mind about its being 
in the shade. It will be best in an open place. Never mind 
putting any manure upon it. I never saw manure that was put 
upon the land at the time Radishes were sown do any good for 
them. Dig the soil deep and well; mark it out into three-feet- 
six-inches-wide beds, and sow the seed as soon as ever the land is 
dug, either broadcast or in drills; which you like. If you w r et the 
seed, and sprinkle a little red lead among it there will not be half 
so much danger of the birds taking it. The best sort that I have 
grown for market is the Scarlet Short-topped. 
I always sell my first week’s drawing at l£d. per dozen 
Radishes—that is, eight Radishes in a bunch at Id. per bunch. 
I find that I began to draw Radishes in 1859, April 27th, and 
in 1860, May 5th. 
LETTUCES. 
It will be time now to sow about one rod of Lettuce. You 
must not pick out a nice w r arm border for it, I cannot spare 
these warm borders for Lettuce, 1 shall want them for a better 
purpose shortly ; neither must you sow them on gravelly banks. 
Land that will grow good Cabbages will grow good Lettuces. 
Put on a heavy dressing of good rotten manure, dig it in deep 
and well; mark the plot out into three-feet-six-inches-wide beds ; 
mark four rows upou each bed for the Lettuce, and you may 
then sow a row of Radishes between each two rows, and one 
row of Radishes up each outside. You will then have four rows 
of Lettuces upon each bed, and five rows of Radishes. 
I cannot sell any Lettuces so well as the Malta Cabbage 
Lettuce. I have sold these at 1 d. each. You may try a few 
Cos, as, perhaps, you may meet with a customer or two that 
would rather have them.— Thos. Jones. 
(To be continued .) 
[Send us your full and right direction. We have had a 
letter returned.— Eds. C. G.] 
Fruit Trees in the Far West.— Oregon Apples and 
Pears are in great demand at San Francisco, because they keep 
better the farther north they are grown. The Americans are an 
Apple-loving people, and their consumption of them is astonish¬ 
ing. The British colonies are too far north to compete with the 
vineyards of Los Angelos, or tlie Peaches of Obispo; but they 
may reasonably expect to assist Washington and Oregon in 
supplying the south with English fruits. Orchards in the 
colonies will be very remunerative. Those in Oregon have the 
disadvantage of being situated in the centre of the state, and 
fruit has to be carried to the Williamette River, and thence by 
steamers from Portland. An acre of land planted with two 
hundred Apple trees would, at the end of three years, on a 
minute calculation, cost a proprietor £30 or £40; and the lowest 
selling price on the coast of an acre of Apple trees of that age is 
£200. The intermediate trees are chopped out with an axe as 
the orchard becomes too crowded .—(Facts and Figures relating 
to Vancouver Island.) 
