THE COTTAG-E GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, December 15, 1857. 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
157 
D 
M 
D 
W 
DECEMBER 15—21, 1857. 
Weather n 
Barometer. 
ear Lon 
Thermo. 
DON IN 1 
Wind. 
85G. 
Rain in 
Inches. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Moon 
It. and S. 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
afterSun 
Day of 
Year. 
15 
Tu 
Arbutus. 
30.465—30.222 
\ 
42—21 
N. 
— 
2 a. 8 
49 a. 3 
7 41 
29 
4 31 
349 
1G 
W 
Ember Week. Spurge laurel. 
30.540—30.535 
39—20 
N. 
— 
3 
49 
sets. 
m 
4 2 
350 
17 
Th 
Glastonbury Thorn. 
30.435—30.120 
44—31 
N.W. 
— 
4 
49 
4 a. 5 
1 
3 32 
351 
18 
F 
Virginian Groundsel Tree. 
30.098—29.832 
48—32 
s.w. 
.07 
4 
49 
5 14 
2 
3 2 
352 
19 
S 
Blue-berried Honeysuckle. 
30.401—30.350 
44—28 
N. 
• - 
5 
50 
G 29 
3 
2 53 
353 
20 
Sun 
4 Sunday in Advent. 
30.426—30.387 
47—43 
w. 
— 
6 
50 
7 47 
4 
2 3 
354 
21 
M 
St. Thomas. 
30.428—30.320 
47—42 
N.W. 
6 
51 
9 5 
5 
1 33 
355 
Meteorology of the Week. —At Chiswick, from observations (luring the last twenty-eight years, the average highest and lowest 
temperatures of these days are 45.2° and 34.4°, respectively. The greatest heat *'57°, occurred on the 17th, in 1832 ; and the lowest cold, 7°, 
on the lGth, in 1853. During the period 94 days were fine, and on 102 rain fell. 
PHOTOGRAPHY PGR THE MANY. 
(Continued from page 120.) 
APPARATUS. 
SINGLE ACHROMATIC LENS. 
Elevation. 
STEREOSCOPIC CAMERA. 
I 
I 
Lens.—A plano-convex glass of nine inches 
focus, price 2s., is fixed in a tube of brass, tin, or 
cardboard ( c ), and on each side of it a disc of 
blackened cardboard (£), the same size as the lens, 
each having an opening in the centre a quarter of 
an inch in diameter. This slides in another tube 
(t) attached to the woodwork in front of the 
camera, c is a moveable cap for covering the lens 
when necessary. 
In constructing both camera and lens, it will be 
well to remember, that a very small amount of 
light, passing elsewhere than through the lens, will 
be fatal to the success of a photograph. 
camera. 
\ 
DOUBLE BACK. 
The researches of modern science have thrown 
much light on the subject of photographic lenses. 
Tormerly the expensive achromatic double com¬ 
bination was considered a desideratum. It has, 
however, been shown that such a lens, three inches 
in diameter, produces a combination of 'one hun¬ 
dred and thirty different aspects of the object 
photographed ; so that, in taking the portrait of a 
dog, his tail is represented as if transparent. 
We recommend the reader to purchase a well- 
made mahogany Trench-polished camera, of the 
ordinary description (one with sliding or folding 
body not being desirable), with single back, for 
taking pictures six inches by five inches. Such an 
instrument will cost about <£1. To have fitted therein 
a single achromatic lens mounted in brass, and 
affixed to the camera by a brass ring. The said 
lens to be provided with rack and pinion adjust¬ 
ment, focussing-frame, stop, and lens one inch 
and a half in diameter, diaphragmed to a quarter 
of an inch, price £1 Is. This camera is suitable 
No. CCCCLXXXI. Vol. XIX. 
