192 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, December 29, 1857. 
paper twice the width of the filter. Fold it across 
turning the surplus collodion to the bottle by tilt¬ 
ing the plate. 
Pour solution B into the glass bath. 
Place the collodionized plate on the dipper, and 
lower quickly into the nitrate of silver. After half 
a minute, lift it once or twice out of the bath. 
When a greasy appearance, at first noticeable, has 
gone off, remove, press the lower edge on a piece 
of clean blotting paper, that the superfluous mois¬ 
ture may be absorbed, then place it in the cameia 
frame. Should the collodion film flake off when 
placed in the nitrate bath, it is a sign that the plate 
was introduced to the bath before the collodion had 
become sufficiently set. 
The time of exposure varies with the light, 
averaging about a minute. 
Remove the camera or frame back to your dark 
room, and cover the prepared side of the plate 
with solution C. 
When the picture is sufficiently intense, the 
plate must be laid, face uppermost, in a flat dish 
containing solution D, when a clearing process is 
observable. 
The whole image having sharpened, thoroughly 
wash off the hyposulphate with common water. 
When dry, back with black velvet, silk, or liquid 
jet. 
Benzoin varnish for protecting the surface of 
finished photographs on glass, can be purchased at 
any photographic establishment. 
NEGATIVE PROCESS. 
For negative plates negative collodion is ne¬ 
cessary. The following developing solution must 
be substituted for that marked C. 
'Pyrogallic acid 3 grs. 
Mix • Glacial acetic acid 1 drachm 
. Spirits of wine 20 minims . 
The exposure in the camera is longer than in 
the positive process. 
N.B.—The nitrate of silver bath will never 
yield good results, if it be too acid or too alkaline. 
Buy a book oiblue litmus paper at the chemist's. 
Dip the end of a strip of the paper into the 
bath. If it turn red suddenly, your solution is 
too acid . If a faint red colour be slowly commu¬ 
nicated to the paper, the bath is as it should be. 
If the paper be changed to a dirty greenish blue, 
the bath is too alkaline. 
If it be proved too acid, add (a few drops at a 
time) a weak solution of ammonia till it is cor¬ 
rected. 
It too alkaline, add a few drops of pure glacial 
acetic acid to the bath till a fresh piece of proof 
paper assumes the desirable pinkish tint. 
Spite of care, solutions will sometimes become 
thick. ITence a glass filter is a useful instrument. 
Cut out a circular piece of bibulous, or blotting, 
• • • • 
6d. 
B 
in direction A B, then refold do. C D. Then open 
out, when it will be found to fit the filter. 
(To be continued.) 
MR. ROBERT FORTUNE. 
Judging from their recent awards, we conclude that 
some of our Societies have found considerable diffi¬ 
culty in finding personages deserving of the honours 
those Societies have the power of bestowing. There¬ 
fore, we think they will be obliged to us for intro¬ 
ducing to their notice Mr. Robert Fortune. And we 
can assure the Linn scan Society, that if it conferred 
on him an Honorary Fellowship; and the Society of 
Arts, if it bestowed upon him its most costly Medal; 
they would only do him justice, and no more than 
what all thinking men expect from them. 
We will remind those and other Societies, who 
ought to honour especially men of science, who have 
conferred great amounts of benefit upon mankind, 
that Mr. Fortune has introduced more hardy plants 
into Europe than any botanist since the days of 
Douglas. Many of his introductions are most beau¬ 
tiful, many highly useful; and amongst the most recent 
of the latter is the Abies Kcempferii , which is likely to 
become one of our most useful home-grown timber 
trees. 
We will further remind those Societies that Mr. 
Fortune has been the only successful agent in intro¬ 
ducing the real Tea Plant and Tea cultivators into 
India from China; and that his three works on the 
Celestial Empire give us more truthful and useful 
information relative to the Chinese, than any other 
publication. 
Even America is roused to a full conviction of his 
merits, and is negociating, we hear, to secure his 
services. America wants him to introduce the Tea 
Plant into their southern States ; and it will be a 
shame to our country, if a man, every way estimable, 
and so capable of serving her, does not obtain some 
appointment at home which shall take away the 
necessity for his thus repeatedly girdling the world. 
Mr. Eortune is now in the prime of life; and has 
been, in various ways, labouring usefully and praise¬ 
worthily for the last twenty years. We first remember 
him when he had the care of the hothouse department 
of the Horticultural Society’s Garden at Chiswick, 
about the year 1840. 
PLANTING.— MOVING CONIFERS.— ROSES 
AND THEIR STOCKS. 
We began to transplant large evergreens, in the Ex¬ 
perimental Garden, at the beginning of the second 
week in September. The weather was warm and dry, 
and the soil was like a hotbed. It was a large under¬ 
taking ; a re-arrangement of a large portion of one side 
of the garden—the side, or that part of the side, 
