Tin-: COTTAO-E GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, Jaxtaet 26, 1858. 
adtled to this, cornea from the very depth of scientific 
knowledge—a depth which is too great for heavy 
weight- and light fanciers to get out of, or dive into; 
but it is revealed at that depth, that no bud can be 
permanent, unless it is rooted in the first season’s 
growth: but that is as nothing, compared to the in¬ 
fluence of the second year’s growth; for it is common 
to all buds to appear on the first season’s growth. 
The roots of the buds, or the sucking part, whatever 
we mav call it, gets into the wood of the second season s 
growth ; and no ingenuity of man or woman will ever 
be able to eradicate these roots from that wood, or 
from the wood which follow's, year by year. Another 
curious thing is, that buds are endowed like weeds ; 
some of them will come from the smallest morsel of 
the root, like a Bindweed or Dock. The buds of the 
Sweet Bay arc of this nature ; and if they get their 
roots into the second season’s wood, they can never be 
wholly eradicated: and at any stage or age of the 
plant, the roots are there on the surface of' the wood, 
ready to send out new' shoots and buds, if the part 
’ above them be cut off. 
The buds of the Grape Vine, and some other buds, 
with which we have nothing to do at present, do not 
1 possess that quality - in their roots ; at least, not to the 
..me degree. We can root them out, as we do Plan¬ 
tain roots from the law n; and they never come, or 
throw out another bud or shoot there, if we cut the 
Vine down to that place, on purpose to try their 
power. Now, if w'e can take up a weed before its 
roots run about into the soil, it will never come again ; 
and if we can take out a bud, or twenty buds, before 
thev run their roots into the weed, burls or shoots ean 
ne ver eorae from that w ood, more than weeds from the 
ground without roots or seeds getting into it; there¬ 
fore, by taking out the buds round a shoot which is to 
be layered, we are always safe and free from suckers, 
w hatever the kind of plant may be, provided the shoot 
for layering is no more than one season’s growth, as 
bid-roots never extend or mr.r in that growth, as they 
do in all the succeeding growths to a thousand gene¬ 
rations. Mr. Cutbush is going to avail himself of this 
principle: he will cut out a few buds, just below and 
above the tongned part, so as to have no buds buried 
in the ground with that part of the layer. He will 
not dish id the whole shoot, as if he were clearing up 
for a standard at once: that might delay, instead of 
hastening the process. 
Let us now suppose that his layers are rooted to the 
number of one thousand, and that they are planted 
out in rows in a newly-trenched quarter, which was 
heavily manured ; and that none of them had buds 
j nder ground, nor within a couple of inches of it. All 
we can -ay is, that not one of them w ill ever make a 
sucker: therefore, they must make very handsome 
b she :, and come to market in one half’ the time they 
would require if they were constantly struggling; 
which would take the lead from sucker* in their usual 
way. But. out of the one thousand, a good many 
may he fit, to be trained at once into standards; and 
so they will, and at any time w ithin the next, three or 
four yean. The strongest of the rest may he cut, back 
to the last, two or three buds next, the ground ; and 
with the -.trength of' the now greater number of roots, 
one of these three buds w ill start and make a ramrod 
like shoot, in one growth, or one season's growth ; 
and that i •. the right f ind of stem for a fashionable 
standard.; any height, from thirty inches to five or six 
feet cannot come amiss. The Gurrantstandards, which 
Mr. Fish Saw at Hhrublarid Bark, were made after 
th:s le v method - arid all Currant standards, or stan¬ 
dard Is of Gooseberries, had better be made that way. 
Also, many kinds of ihruhs wdl pay bent to be done 
in the • one say; hut great, numbers may be had with 
sufficient stem the first season. If a strong, ill-shaped, 
or straggling oush, too much in the way of Laurus- 
tinus, be cut aown to tbe surface of the ground, it 
may make a splendid, or a very handsome bush, 
before next September, besides furnishing half a 
dozen of most beautiful standards ; and by taking a 
leaf out of Air. G'utbush’s book, these need never give 
the smallest trouble with suckers, for they need never 
produce one. Indeed, it would be worth all the trouble 
to cut down a hand-some Laurustinus, on purpose to 
prove this very experiment on roots and suckers; and 
if that be determined upon, this is the proper way to 
go to work:— 
The Laurustinus should be cut down by the first of t 
April; and may be so cut any day from the middle of 
February. I should say, indeed, the sooner the better ; 
but not a leaf or twig of it should then be left. If a 
portion of it is to be left uncut, the first of May is 
the best time. In the summer, if the startlings, or 
stronger shoots, be too close together, thin them out; 
and when they are from twelve to eighteen inches 
long, prepare to have them rooted, and rooting as they 
go along, and to be fit to be removed next autumn. 
That preparation consists, merely, in picking off a 
few of the bottom leaves and their buds. There is no 
need to layer very young shoots of Laurustinus, to get 
them soon rooted in June and July ; if they only 
touch, the ground, or the ground touches them, they 
will root into it as freely as the runner of a Straw¬ 
berry plant. Therefore, it is just as easy to get 
foundations for most beautiful Laurustinus standards 
in one summer, as to get Strawberry plants for forcing 
next spring ; or if wo estimate by the care required, or 
hy the actual expense incurred, I vouch for it, that a 
Strawberry, that is, one Strawberry plant in a number 
T2-pot, costs as much money, time and care, as one 
rooted Laurustinus, with a stern four foot long, and as 
clean and straight as a gun-barrel should be on the 
12th of August, and which will never throw up a 
single sucker from the roots ; and, therefore, may be j 
planted out to shift for itself, or to be trimmed into'a 
most symetrical form for a regular standard, to bloom 
all w inter about the front of the house, or near the 
drawing-room windows, or anywhere in sight, and to 
stand with many others, in military precision along 
the straight lines of the flower garden or pleasure 
ground. 
I have gone through all this process long, long ago, 
with many kinds, and I can speak positively to the 
point; hut, as I said before, the botheration from 
underground suckers did not occur to me, till I met I 
it fare to fare, in practice; but knowing the practical 
objections to suckers, I would just as soon throw the 
best standard plant in London in the midst of a, bon¬ 
fire, for the royal wedding, as take it gratis, and 
carriage paid, to the Experimental. But what I w ish 
to gain over by this candid admission, is the head and 
face of every young gardener in the country ; if so 
he that they, of that ago, take heed to my report. 
One would think that a young shoot or sucker from 
a Lilac hush, would root ns easily as one of the same 
age of the Laurustinus; that is, if soil or damp 
moss were placed round it, and kept moist ihrough 
J tine and J uly : hut such is not the ease. You may 
earth 111> a dozen of them from the same stool, w hich, 
by the way, is the best plan to adopt with all suckers, 
which w ill not root without being layered, and not two 
out of the lot will you find rooted at the end of I lu* 
season. Therefore, after disbudding the purls w hich 
are to he moulded up Ibr rooting, the Lilac, the Snow ¬ 
ball Guelder I lose, the Deutzia, and a host of other j 
such plants, will need to have their young shoots 
ringed, near the bottom ; or, wliat is equally effective, ! 
to push I lie sharp point of a knife rigid through the 
