95 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, May 17, 1359. 
for manufacturing an efficient substitute for sugar, which is 
certainly purer than the gross treacle and low-priccd sugars sold 
at the shops. In order to effect this, ho directs that the white 
Beet, as containing more saccharine matter, should be cut, while 
fresh, into pieces, and well pounded in an iron mortar ; then put 
into a linen bag and squeezed, or pressed, with great force. The 
roots are then infused in water, put into the bag, and squeezed 
again into the water in which they were infused. The two 
liquors are then mixed together, strained, and purified by 
means of the sugar-baker’s coarsely-powdered charcoal, and then 
boiled gently to the consistence of a syrup. (This experiment 
may be useful to country people in low circumstances, where 
there is a largo family to maintain ; who, instead of buying sugar, 
which forms a large item in their weekly expenses, may obtain it 
from the plants at their own door.) The directions are certainly 
simple enough. In infusing the roots after pressure, water only 
sufficient; to cover them should be used. 
QUERIES AND ANSWERS. 
SLIMY SUBSTANCE ON GARDEN WALKS. 
“ An old subscriber to your valuable journal encloses a sub¬ 
stance found on her garden paths after rain (the walks are 
covered with very small pieces of lime rock), requesting to know 
what it is.”—0. B. C., Somerset. 
[It is Nostoc commune , ono of a rather numerous progeny of 
the confervoid algce, of which we have the representatives in this 
country of not fewer than seven genera. The present species is 
very common on garden wnlk3, rocks, barren pastures, &c., in 
autumn, winter, and early spring. For full particulars consult 
Hassall’s “British Fresh Water Alga',” plate 74, f. 2. The 
structure of the above is very beautiful under the microscope— 
being in bead-like chains. Limestone is especially favourable to 
its growth.] 
NOTES ON SOME SPRING FLOWERS. 
“ I have two Triteleias. One from Carter, received under the 
name of Leucocoryne ixioides; and another from the Dublin 
(Glasnevin) Botanic Garden, under the name of Milla uniflora. 
This last flowers earlier than the other, and is now over. The 
tinge of blue is very slight in this variety. The other is now in 
flower; colour pale blue, with the petals acuminate, or prolonged 
into a point at the ends. I have the white Apennine Anemone; 
I found it in profusion in the ruins of Hadrian’s villa near Rome. 
I never saw tho blue wild English sort, and suspect an error on 
this point. 
“ Have you, or any ono else, seen a doublo white Hepatica 
blossom ? I have not: when I do I will believe in its existence. 
I once had two single whites ; one with pink, and one with whito 
anthers. They were tender with me; but I once saw them 
growing like weeds in pure peat. All Hepaticas will thrive in 
pots. 
“ I once had Cyclamen vernum. It answered Gordon’s de¬ 
scription. The leaf was not so glossy as that of coum, and there 
was a mark on it. Repandum is a beautiful thing. Under the 
masterly hand of my old friend Mr. Atkins (Cyclamen AtMnsii), 
it was a delight to look upon. I well remember his showing me 
a pot of seedlings, and saying that he thought he had crossed 
them at last. We now know that cross almost as a household 
word. I believe Mr. Atkins could tell us more about Cyclamens, 
alpines, and little out-of-the-way beauties than any man in the three 
kingdoms, unless it is yourself. I will send your correspondent 
some white apennina when the time comes.”— Amellus. 
[There is no mistako about the blue English Anemone apennina 
of English botany. We havo a capital figure of it now beforo us 
by Mr. Sowerby. There is one patch of it in our own garden, 
which has bloomed three years successively. We mentioned it 
three years since as growing, or flowering, in pots in the show- 
houses at the Pine Apple Place Nursery. This spring Mr. Beaton 
saw “loads” of it with the Messrs. Fraser—perhaps a thousand 
“ roots.” Neither is there the slightest doubt about a double 
white Hepatica having been once in cultivation. Gilbert, in his 
“Florist’s Yado Mecum,” calls them “Hepatica nob ills, noble 
Liverworts, of two sorts, single and double, of each lighter and 
darker, blue and white.” After describing the single ones as well 
as they could be done to-day, he goes on to say, “ Double 
Hepaticas differ from the single ones, not in colour, but only the 
double blue is of a more lustrous and deeper die. The double 
white hath fresher and smaller green leaves than the rest; snow 
white, and as thick and double as the peach or blue-coloured, but 
moro rarely met withal, and therefore more regarded ; yet all of 
them the prettiest beauties tho spring, at her first approach, 
exposes to our view.”] 
FRUITS ADAPTED TO THE VARIOUS 
LOCALITIES OF GREAT BRITAIN. 
(Continued from page 80.) 
GRAPES. 
Royal Muscadine ( Amber Muscadine; Muscadine; 
White Chassclas; D'Arhoyce; Chassclas; Chasselas 
Bore; Chasselas de Fontainbleau ; Campanella Bianca ; 
Weisscr Gutedel). —Buddies long, loose, and shouldered; 
sometimes compact and cylindrical. Berries largo, round, 
and, in the compact hunches, inclining to oval. Skin 
thin and transparent, greenish-yellow, becoming pale 
amber when quite ripe, and sometimes marked with 
tracings and dots of russet; covered with thin white 
bloom. Flesh tender and juicy, sweet, and richly 
flavoured. 
This excellent and well-known grape ripens well in a 
cool vinery and against walls in the open air. The many 
names it has received have arisen from the various forms 
it frequently assumes, and which are occasioned entirely 
by the nature of the soil and the different modes of treat¬ 
ment to which it is subjected. There is no real difference 
between this, the common Chasselas, and Chasselas de 
Fontainbleau. The White Muscadine of some authors is 
the Early Chasselas. 
St. Jean. See Blach July. 
St.John’s ( Baisin de St. Jean; Joannec; Joannenc; 
Blanche; Lashmars Seedling; Macready s Farly White). 
—Bunches about five inches long, with-a very long stalk, 
loose, and with many undeveloped berries. Berries 
medium sized, roundish oval. Skin thin, and green. 
Flesh very thin and watery, and though without much 
flavour is agreeable and refreshing. It ripens against 
a wall in the open air, and is well adapted for this mode 
of cultivation. 
St. Peter’s. See Blade St. Peter s. 
Schieas ( Ciras ; Scyras; Sirrah; Sirac). —Bunches 
long, loose, and shouldered. Berries large, oval. Skin 
thick, reddish-purple, covered with blue bloom. Flesh 
rather firm and juicy ; juice pale red, sugary, and with a 
delicious aroma. Ripens in a cool vinery ; and is as. early 
as the Royal Muscadine. 
This fine, large, oval, black grape is that which is grown 
almost exclusively in the vineyards of the Hermitage, and 
furnishes the celebrated Hermitage wine. It is said to 
have been originally introduced from Schiraz, in Persia, 
by one of the hermits who formerly resided there. 
Schwarzer Riessling. See Blade Cluster. 
Scotch White Cluster ( Blacksmith's White Cluster; 
Laan HdUf; Van dei' Laan PrScoce; Biamant ).— 
Bunches medium sized, very compact. Berries some¬ 
what oval, or roundish oval. Skin white, covered with 
thin bloom. Flesh tender and juicy, sweet and richly 
flavoured. This is a very hardy grape, an excellent bearer, 
and ripens its fruit against a wall in the open air. 
Singleton. See Catawba. 
Sir A. Pytche’s. See Blade Prince. 
Sir W. Rowley’s Black. See Blade Frontignan. 
Snow’s Muscat Hamburgh. See Muscat Hamburgh. 
Steward’s Black Prince. See Blade Prince. 
Stillward’s Sweetwater. See White Sweetwater. 
Stockwood Park Hamburgh. See Golden Hamburgh. 
