THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, October 25, 1859. 
51 
it better for using the scythe afterwards. The Clover, if 
good, will bear three cuttings ; and it may possibly 
happen that the cow may not be able to consume it all at 
the most growing period. If, therefore, any be likely to 
get too old, cut it, and make hay of it—it will be useful 
hereafter; observing that in making clover-hay it ought 
not to be moved much, as that shakes off all the leaves ; 
but let it lie in the swathe for several days, then turn it 
some fine morning carefully, and carry it in the afternoon. 
Of course some judgment is necessary as well, which can j 
only be learned by seeing the hay in the proper condition. : 
TILLAGE CROPS OF THE SECOND YEAR. 
The 80 rods in Potatoes, Mangold, and Swedes will be ! 
again in tillage, and about 20 or more rods may be j 
Potatoes again, planting them where the Mangold had 
previously been ; and if the ground be well pulverised j 
and fine, some White Belgian Carrots might be sown j 
where the Potatoes were ; and a portion of Mazagan or 
Long Pod Beans may also be planted, leaving about 20 
rods for some other crop, which, at the discretion of the 
grower and the custom of the neighbourhood, may seem 
best for him to plant. He may, if he choose, have Man- | 
gold Wurtzel again, as it will be a useful article in winter | 
lor the cow. All these crops, except, perhaps, the Beans, ! 
will require manure again ; and if they be planted in j 
equal proportions, the crop of the second year will be j 
thus:— 
120 rods Clover, which may be cut thrice. 
60 „ Permanent Grass, to be cut short once or twice, 
afterwards fed of, and not by any means to be made 
into hay. 
20 „ in PotatoeswhereMangold had previously grown. 
20 „ Carrots (white) where Potatoes had grown. 
20 ,, Mangold where Swedes had grown. 
20 „ Beans where Mangold had grown. 
One or more of these crops might be altered as the 
taste of the occupant directs. A certain amount of tillage 
is wanted every year ; and as Drumhead Cabbages, though 
excellent food, flavour the milk, I cannot recommend them 
for milch cows. I have also advised this second year to 
resemble the first in many respects, as I purpose to let 
the Bed Clover lie two years. This is not the general 
practice of farmers ; but as this crop does not answer 
being on the same ground again more than once in six or 
eight years, and being our most useful soiling crop, it 
must be made as durable as it can. It will therefore be 
understood as having to stand over another year; and 
therefore all thistles, docks, or other perennial weeds 
amongst it ought to be removed ; and in the early spring 
a good dressing of some fine compost will be of service, 
and any gaps filled up by sowing a few seeds of Trifolium 
incarnatum. J. Bobson. 
(To be continued.) 
HABDY FLOWEBIIsGr HEBBACEOUS PLANTS, j 
(Continued f rom page 42.) 
ASTRAGALU S— Milk Yktcii . 
Bat. ord. Fabacere. Linn . Diadelphia Decandria. 
Generic Character. — Calgx five-toothed, Keel blunt. Legume ! 
two-celled; lower suture turned inwards. 
Astragalus adsukgens (arising). Plant adscending, smoothish; | 
leaflets lanceolate-acute ; stipules acuminated, long as leaves ; ! 
flower-spikes oblong, pedunculate, longer than leaves; vexillum ! 
longer than wings; legume oblong, terete, somewhat tetragonal, | 
sulcate on back, erect, downy. 0 in. Purple. July. Siberia. 
A. ADUNCUS (hooked). Plant diffuse, lioary ; leaflets elliptic, 
small; spikes short, but longer than leaves, pedunculate; 
vexillum much longer than wings; legume ovate-oblong, 
rather villous, ending iu long oblique point. 1 ft. Purple. 
July. Caucasus. 
A. ALOPECUEOIDES (fox-tail-like). Plant erect; leaflets ovate- ' 
lanceolate, downy; stipules ovate-lanceolate, acuminated ; j 
flower-spikes ovate-oblong, stalked; calgx segments setaceous, I 
shorter than tube, but long as corolla. 2 ft. Light yellow. 
July. Spain. 
A. ammodytes (sand-viper). Plant prostrate, clothed with 
hoary down; stipules ovate, obtuse; leaflets ovate ; flowers 
twin, axillary, rather radiant, peduncles short; calgx cylin¬ 
drical, hairy. 6 in. White. July. Siberia. Evergreen 
shrub. 
A aristatus (awned). Plant shrubby; peduncles very short, 
usually six-ilowered; calyx teeth long, setaceous; leaflets 
oblong-linear, mucronate, pilose ; legume hardly half bi-locular. 
1 ft. Purple. July. Pyrenees. Trailer. 
A. Austriacus (Austrian). Plant diffuse, procumbent; leaflets 
glabrous, linear, truncately emarginate ; racemes pedunculate, 
longer than leaves ; corolla wings bifid; legume rather trique¬ 
trous, pendulous. 6 in. Pale blue. July. Austria. 
A. Bayonensis (Bayonne). Plant diffuse, procumbent, rather 
white-downed; stipules concrete, opposite leaves; peduncles 
four to six-ilowered, long as leaves; legume nearly sessile, 
rather tumid, tomentose. 6 in. Purple. July. France. 
A. Buchtormensis (Buchtorm’s). Plant stemless, pubescence 
hoary ; leaflets oblong; peduncles few-flowered, very short, 
declinate when in flower; calgx five-toothed; legume oblong- 
cylindrical, acuminated, callous, half bi-locular. 6 in. Yellow. 
Siberia. 
A. caprinus (goat-scented). Plant nearly stemless, erect, downy ; 
leaflets ovate-oblong, ciliated ; peduncles half length of leaves; 
flowers racemose, spreading; calgx segments subulate; corolla 
glabrous; legume ovate, inflated, stipitate, slightly pilose. 
1 ft. Pale yellow. July. Barbary. 
A. Oaucasicus (Caucasian). Plant shrubby; flowers two or 
three together, axillary, sessile; calgx five-cleft, woolly ; 
legume one-celled, four-seeded ; leaflets oblong-linear, hoary- 
tomentose. 6 in. White. July. Caucasus. Evergreen. 
A. Dahuricus (Dahurian). Plant erect, pilose; stipules lan¬ 
ceolate-subulate ; leaflets oblong, mucronate; racemes longer 
than leaves ; legume erect, incurved, linear, compressed, rather 
pilose. 9 in. Purple. June. Dahuria. 
A. dasyglottis (thick-tongued-leaved). Plant diffuse, nearly 
glabrous ; stipules concrete, opposite the leaves ; leaflets ellip¬ 
tic-oblong, somewhat emarginate; flower-spikes capitate; 
peduncles longer than leaves, bracts long as calyx-tube ; calyx 
white-haired ; legume erect, ovate-triquetrous, liairy, cells one- 
seeded. 4 in. Purple. July. Siberia. 
A. depressus (depressed). Plant almost stemless, or diffuse, 
hoary-pubescent; stipules ovate, membranous; leaflets 
obovate; peduncles shorter than leaves; legumes terete, de¬ 
pressed, straight, dx-ooping, glabrous. 4 in. Pale yellow. July. 
Europe. 
A. Donianus (Don’s). Plant prostrate, scatteredly hairy ; leaf¬ 
lets oval, alternate, mucronate, downy beneath, silky when 
young; stipules connate; peduncles axillary, few-flowered, 
twice as long as leaves; legumes subulate, silky. 6 in. Purple. 
July. Nepaul. Ti-ailer. 
A. exscapus (scapeless). Plant stemless, soft-haii-ed; leaflets 
ovate ; floioers nearly sessile, aggregate; calgx teeth subulate, 
long; corolla glabrous ; legumes ovate, acuminately-mucronate, 
hairy, sessile, rather compressed. 6 in. Yellow. J uly. 
Hungary. 
A. FRUTICOSUS (shrubby). Plant shrubby, erect; leaflets linear- 
lanceolate, acute; spikes capitate, few-flowered, pedunculate, 
longer than leaves ; vexillum much longer than wings; legumes 
erect, oblong-lanceolate, villous, apiculated by style. 1£ ft. 
Yiolet. July. Sibei-ia. 
A. gracilis (slender.) Plant erect, slender, downy; leaflets 
oblong-linear, remote; racemes pedunculate, longer than leaves; 
legumes vci-y short, drooping, elliptic-ovate, rather triquetrous, 
downy, one-celled, usually four-seeded. 9 in. Purple. June. 
N. America. 
A. hypoglottis (tongue-under-tongue). Stems prostrate, rather 
hairy; stipules ovate, concrete; leaflets small, ovate, obtuse, 
dark green; flower-heads roundish, peduncles longer than 
leaves; bracts half length of calyx tube ; hairs of calyces and 
peduncles mixed black and white; legumes ovate, back deeply 
channelled, compressed, baii-y, hooked at the point, cells one- 
seeded. 3 in. Purple. July. Britain. 
A. incanus (hoary). Plant stemless, hoary; leaflets ovate; 
scapes hardly longer than leaves; spikes capitate; calyx teeth 
subulate, short; legumes almost cylindrical, hoary* incurved 
at point, which has a subulate muerone, cells five or six-seeded. 
6 in. Purple. July. Montpelier. 
